1891. 



POPULAR GARDENING. 



225 



Lilies. Prevent seed forming by timely removal of 

 faded flowers. Pick off caterpillars. 



Lilium candidum. For real flue spikes talie up and 

 separate the bulbs and replant. This can be done no 

 matter how dry the soil. They will grow nicely after 

 the autuniM rains have again moistened the soli. 



Pansy. For spring flowering sow seed in well-pre- 

 pared cold frame, covering with muslin or white- 

 washed glass. 



Rhododendrons. Seed vessels to be removed. 



Roses. Of climbing Roses remove the superfluous 

 shoots and tie the remaining ones neatly. With the 

 Hybrid Perpetual at midsummer there is a cessation 

 of growth for a short-period, and then new growth 

 commences. At this period a new application of fer- 

 tilizers Is desirable, helping the growth for the fall- 

 blooming period. The plants must be supplied with 

 good fertilizing material if plenty of good bloom Is had. 



Vases and Hanging Baskets. Remove all dead and 

 decaying foliage frequently; stir up the soil occasion- 

 ally by means of a sharpened stick. Apply liquid 

 manure once or twice a week. 



Verbenas to be pinched back as required. 



Sow seeds of Pansy, Hollyhock, Delphinium. Dian- 

 thus, Aqullegia. Canterbury Bells, Digitalis, Lychnis, 

 Myosotls, Perennial Poppy, Lobelia Cardlnalls, An- 

 thirrhinum, and other Biennials and Perennials. 



PLANT CULTURE UNDER GLASS. 



Achimenes. Water carefully to preve-nt roots from 

 becoming dry. Moist atmosphere and warmth are 

 needed requisites. 



Oarnations for early winter flowers should receive 

 their last heading back. 



Chrysanthemnms. Show plants should have soil 

 removed from top of pot, and replaced with rich com- 

 post. Stake and tie as required. 



Ericas, Dcosma fragrans, Chorozemas and other 

 hard- wooded plants, to be repotted as needed. Pinch 

 back leading shoots occasionally. Syringe off daily. 

 Water thoroughly, although not too frequently. 



Ferns to be kept in warm, moist atmosphere. Repot 

 as required. Roots to be watered freely. 



Geraniums. Propagate from cuttings to provide for 

 nice apring-flowering plants. Old plants for winter 

 bloom to be held in check. 



Greenhouses. Any necessary repairs, such as paint- 

 ing, glazing, etc., that have not been attended to dur- 

 ing the summer, should be made at once, because the 

 condensation of moisture on the roof of a greenhouse 

 becomes much greater as the nights get cooler, and it 

 is therefore more dilHcult to flnd the roof dry enough 

 for such repairs than It would have been earlier in the 

 season. On an old roof many leaks may be stopped by 

 application of liquid putty or thick paint with a putty 

 bulb. It takes but a short time to apply the liquid to 

 each strip on a house 100 feet long, and the escape from 

 drip thus secured is a great comfort for so small an 

 outlay. A good mixture for this purpose is composerl 

 of equal portions of white lead and putty, mixed with 

 enough good linseed oil to give the required consist 

 ency. 



Gloxinias. Plants after blooming to be removed to 

 cold frame. Glass to be shaded heavily. Gradually 

 lessen amount of water given. 



Propasation. Bedding plants of choice kinds, or 

 where large stock is desired next year, may now be 

 propagated from cuttings; also Geraniums and many 

 other plants. 



Requisites. Provide new pots If needed. Old pots 

 to he soaked and washed clean. Sec 're now the 

 needed supply of potting soli, fuel, etc. 



Repotting should be done with ail plants likely to 

 need it, so that they may become well established 

 before winter. Give good drainage. 



Smilax. Sow seed for next year's plants. 



Ten Week Stocks. Seed of this and Intermediate 

 Stock to be sown for winter bloom. 



FRUIT GARDEN AND ORCHARD. 



Apples. Spraying with ammoniaeal solution of cop- 

 per carbonate to be continued so long as there is any 

 sign of scab or its spreading. Discontinue cultlvatlcm 

 this month, and thus prevent late immature growth. 

 Young trees to have superfluous shoots removed, and 

 ends of straggling limbs pinched back, having In view 

 the formailon of well-shaped heads. 



Blackberries. Old canes to be removed, unless de 

 sired as a support to the young canes In situations 

 exposed to strong winds. Pinch back the new growth 

 severely. 



Budding Peaches and trees that order, may 



now begin. Cut the ligatures promptly as soon as 

 stock and bud have united. 



Currants and Gooseberries. Thin out suckers and 

 remove part of the old wood. Keep ground well cul- 

 tivated and free from weeds. 



Grapes Overcrowded vines to be relieved of part 

 of their bunches without delay. Spraying for Grape 

 diseases to continue, but the Bordeaux mixture must 

 now give way to carbonate of copper solution. Let 

 Grapes get fully ripe before you market them. Imma- 

 ture Ives and Champions, etc., can only serve to de- 

 moralize the market. 



Insects. Early Apples Infested with codling worms 

 should be gathered as soon as they drop, and fed to 



hogs and other farm stock. Hunt up and kill Apple 

 and Peach tree borers. Nests of fall web worm should 

 lie looked for and destroyed. It Is easily done wldle 

 caterpillars are yet very small, and concentrated on a 

 few leaves. Aphis are most conveniently disposed of 

 by spraying the infested trees with kerosene emulsion, 

 strong Tobacco tea, or a solution of muriate of potash 

 —one pound to two gallons of water. 



Marketing. Good fruit is already half sold; poor 

 fruit should not be exposed for sale, except expresslv 

 as a low grade. Early varieties of Apples and Pears to 

 be picked before they have become soft. Pack firmly, 

 so fruit cannot rattle about In the package, and be- 

 come bruised in transportation. Over-ripe fruit should 

 never be packed for distant market, but consumed at 

 or near home. Peaches for market to be picked In 

 such stage of ripeness that they will only begin to be 

 fit for use when they reach the market. Sell In local 

 markets as far as possible, before shipping to large 

 distant cities. 



Packages. Provide boxes, barrels, crates, or what- 

 ever else may be needed, far enough In advance to 

 Insure its being available for use when needed. 

 Always use clean packages, and such as are most 

 popular in your available market. Have your own 

 name, and that of the fruit and the proper grade, neatly 

 stencilled on outside of package. With the fruit put 

 in a card with printed guarantee of grade, and your 

 full address. 



Plums. Where trees are over-loaded with fruit, 

 they should be severely thinned. Remove all speci- 

 mens showing signs of rot and burn them. Limbs or 

 twigs affected by black knot should be speedily re- 

 moved and biu-ned, or in milder cases the wart may 

 be pared off and destroyed by flre, and the wound 

 painted with linseed oil. 



Raspberries to be treated as directed for Blackber- 

 ries. Only young plantations should he used for prop- 

 agation. Let the canes grow without pinching back, 

 and bury the tips In the ground, or hold them to the 

 ground by placing a stone or a small shovelful of soil 

 upon them. 



Peaches. Gather all fruit showing signs of rot, as 

 In the case of Plums. At end of month stop cultiva- 

 tion, and give the new wood a chance to mature. Mar- 

 ket only good fruit, and of even size and quality in 

 each package. 



Straw^bsrry beds to be kept well cultivated and free 

 from weeds. In this latitude we prefer planting In 

 spring, but if It Is thought desirable to form new 

 beds now, we would let some of the runners take root 

 in thumb pots, and transplant to the desired place, or 

 take up the young plants with a chunk of soil, and re- 

 set where wanted. The sooner this is done, the better 

 for the next year's crop. 



VEGETABLE GARDEN. 



Asparagus. Keep the bed well cultivated and free 

 from weeds. Manure in a ready available form ap- 

 plied without delay will assist the roots in storing up 

 energy to be expended in next year's crop. 



Beans of the early bush sortsmay yetbesown for 

 succession. 



Brussels Sprouts. Keep cultivator and hoe still 

 moving. 



Oelery plants may yet be set out for winter and 

 spring use. White Plume and other self -bleaching sorts 

 for early use, to be handled. Cultivate and hoe fre- 

 quently, although not deeply, as Celery roots feed very 

 near the surface, if some shade, by lath screen or 

 boards, set on edge on sunny side, can be given during 

 hot, dry weather, the plants will do all the better. 



Corn Salad to be sown In drills a foot or so apart. 

 Keep well cultivated and free from weeds. 



Cucumbers to be gathered at least every other day. 

 Do not pull them oft the vines, but use a sharp knife 

 or scissors. Pull up weeds that may appear among the 

 vines. Do not allow any of the fruit to ripen seed If 

 you desire a continuous crop. 



Cultivation to be kept up as long as crops do not 

 cover the ground. Successlonal planting which alone 

 is profitable, means successlonal cultivation. Let no 

 weed escape now. 



Corn Boiling ears to be gathered as soon as they 

 become of proper age. Remove and bum all ears 

 affected with smut. 



Cabbage to be cultivated and hoed often and deeply. 



Endive. Sow for succession; thin to one foot apart 

 in the row, and tie lightlyfor bleaching as wanted. 



Melons. Gather the fruit as fast as It matures. 

 Specimens setting so late that they cannot be expected 

 to ripen, may be removed carefully. 



Onions. The standard varieties begin to ripen this 

 month. Pull as soon as the tops are drying away, 

 gather in wludrows to cure, draw under shelter to a 

 well ventilated loft or dry shed, pull off tops where 

 yet found, and sell. 



Potatoes of early varieties to be harvested and stored 

 In a cool, dark place. 



Kadishes of the winter class should now be sown; 

 also summer Radishes for succession. 



Spinach should now he sown for fall use. 



Sweet Potatoes. Prevent the vines from taking 

 root all over the ground, by lifting them now and then 

 with a fork or rake handle. 



Seeds. We alway.^ find it safest to gather our own 

 seeds of Tomatoes, Lima Beans, and many other things. 



Always select best specimens for this purpose; never 

 use the refuse of the crop for seed. 



Turnips of the strap-leaved or flat varieties to be 

 sown at once. 



Tomatoes. Pick off all Imperfect or diseased speci- 

 mens as you come across them. Also gather ripe ones 

 as fast as they become fit for market. The green 

 caterpillar Is to be picked off by hand. 



FRUITS AND VEGETABLES UNDER 

 GLASS. 



Figs. During hot weather the roots should be kept 

 well supplied with water. Liquid manure may be oc- 

 casionally substituted. When roots are allowed to 

 become dry. most of the fruit will drop. 



Grapes. The earliest houses need free ventilation, 

 and vines should be kept In a state of rest. Free airing 

 and no water Is the rule In Intermediate houses. Keep 

 late houses as cool as possible. Fumigate once a week 

 and syringe freely. 



Strawberry plants potted last month to be kept in a 

 cool, half shady position, and in vigorous growth. 



Tomatoes. Sow seed by middle of month, or start 

 cuttings from healthy wood soon after, This will give 

 fruit late in December. 



THE POULTRY YARD. 



The Kerosene spray is yet needed. Don't let 

 up, and the mites will stay out of your poultry 

 house. 



Charcoal should be given to the fowls at least 

 once a week, best in the shape of Corn in the 

 ear burned. 



Hen lice can not stand fresh Persian insect 

 powder. Dust bubaoh through the feathers of 

 your fowls occasionally, and prevent a great deal 



of mischief. 



Green Ducks, or ducklings hatched this year, 

 should go to market as soon as large enough, 

 which is when weighing from seven to ten 

 pounds a pair. The sooner they are marketed, 

 the better, usually, will be the price. The; best 

 breed for this purpose is the Pekin. 



Fools of Stagnant Water should not be allow- 

 ed to exist where hens can get to them; cover 

 up; fill up or fence up. Poultry should have a 

 constant supply of nice, clear, sparkling water. 

 Wash out the drinking vessels frequently, and 

 occasionally put a drop of carbolic acid into the 

 water. 



Half Grown Chicks need frequent feeding, 

 four or five times a day not being too much, 

 (iive them all they will eat. every time; this will 

 make them arrow fast and plump, and make fine 

 tender chicks for the table or for sale, and early 

 layers. In short, crowd the young stock all you 

 can, and with a variety of rich food. 



Marketing Dressed Poultry in Hot Weather. 



Care must be taken to cool the carcasses by im- 

 mersing them for four or five hours in ice water, 

 and when shipping to market it is better to pack 

 in ice rather than to incur any risk. Ship by ex- 

 press always, and do not begin to kill and dress 

 poultry until you have made all arrangements 

 for shipping. 



Langshans as Orchard Fowls. The Langshans 

 are good foragers and will tro a long way among 

 the trees in search of food, which is an impor- 

 tant qualification in fowls for the orchard, as 

 the benefit they are to the trees and soil depends 

 much on the distance they range and their ac- 

 tivity in scratching for worms or other food.— 

 Poultry Monthly. 



Surplus Milk' The best use that can be made 

 of it. when so abundant, is in the poultry yard. 

 No excuse for feeding all the surplus on hand to 

 the hogs. The growing chicks demand a portion 

 and how they mature on such a liquid. It makes 

 thera healthy. This means growth and good 

 looks and for laying hens it means increase of 

 speed in the egg mill. 



Use of an Old Plow. Angle worms, grubs, 

 and the pupie of various insects should during 

 summer take the place of animal meal, egg food 

 and condition powders. Keep an old plow con- 

 venient to the haunts of your poultry, and hitch 

 a horse to it several times a week, plowing a few 

 furrows, and giving poultry the very best of 

 food and tonic at no cost. 



Ko Inclined Perches Wanted. Take down 

 those ladder-shaped roosts, which have caused 

 the death of so mauv hens, and try for one year 

 the plan of having them all on a level and about 

 20 inches apart, with a flooring about eight 

 inches below to catch the dropping. Make these 

 roosts out of of 2x3 with the corners shaved off 

 and arrange them to drop into sockets at each 

 end, so they can be easily removed and fre- 

 quently washed to kill insects and vermin. 



Vef^etables for Poultry. Fowls, like almost 

 all other domestic aniraals. are very fond of ripe 

 Tomatoes, especially when kept in confinement. 

 Don't waste the refuse. All the imperfect 

 specimens, the parings, and the like, should go to 

 the poultry yard. This will pay better than any 

 other use you can make of the stuff. If you 

 have great quantities of it, give to the fowls all 

 they will eat, and only what is above this to the 

 hogs, cows, etc. Besides this we still throw 

 quantities of Lettuce plants, many of them now 

 gone to seed, into the yard, to the evident enjoy- 

 ment and relish of the inmates. 



