6 MISC. PUBLICATIOK 19 4, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTURE 



Permanent pastures. — Grazing land occupied by perennial pasture 

 plants or by self-seeding annuals, usually both, which remains un- 

 plowed for long periods (5 years or more). 



Rotation pastures. — A field used for grazing which is seeded to 

 perennials and (or) self-seeding annuals, but which forms a unit in 

 the crop-rotation plan and is plowed within a 5-year or shorter 

 interval. 



Supplemental or temporary pastures. — Fields used for grazing 

 when the permanent or rotation pastures are unproductive and do not 

 supply enough feed for the livestock kept on the farm. Supplemental 

 pasture may be provided by the aftermath of meadows, small-grain 

 stubble, seedling small grains, annuals like Sudan grass, lespedeza, 

 and crimson clover, or biennials like sweetclover. 



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<«f»- - •*«.«» n . *v.»* 



Figure 3. — Natural bluestem pasture in eastern Kansas. Such pastures are among the most productive 

 native-grass pastures in the United States. 



Annual pastures. — The term ''annual pastures" is usually applied 

 to pastures that are seeded each year to take the place wholly or in 

 part of permanent pasture. Such pastures may include a series of 

 crops like winter rye, Sudan grass, soybeans, and rape, which com- 

 bined will furnish pasturage nearly all of the year. 



NATURAL OR NATIVE PASTURES 



Natural or native pastures are uncultivated lands occupied wholly 

 or mainly by native or naturally distributed introduced plants useful 

 for grazing (fig. 3). They include the following main types. 



Range. — A very extensive natural pasture. 



Brush pastures. — Pastures covered largely with brush and shrubs, 

 where a considerable portion of the feed obtained by the livestock 

 comes from browsing woody plants. 



Woodland pastures. — Wooded areas with grass and other grazing 

 plants growing in open spaces and among the trees. 



Cut-over or stump pastures. — Land from which the trees have been 

 removed but on which there are stumps and new growth. 



