86 



MISC. PUBLICATION 194, U. S. DEPT. OF AGRICULTUKE 



beans may be used to advantage where alfalfa does not thrive. White 

 clover is especially valuable tlu-oughout most of the eastern half of the 

 United States and in irrigated districts of the West, as it comes on early 

 in the spring and again in midsummer on moist soils. Partial shade 

 favors white clover as well as bluegrass during midsummer. 



Grasses such as bluegrass, perennial ryegrass, and bromegrass 

 are suitable for spring and fall grazing. In the South, Bermuda grass 

 furnishes summer grazing following legumes and ryegrass, which are 

 suitable for use in the spring. Short grasses such as bluegrass and 

 crested dogtail are much more desirable than tall grasses, such as 

 timothy and Dallis. 



At least 1 acre of good land should be provided for every 150 to 200 

 birds. The area should be divided into 2, 3, or 4 lots so that they may 

 be used when the forage is best and to provide variety. 



In cases where rotating is not practicable, mixtures of pasture 

 plants are desirable to furnish variety and increase the length of the 

 grazing season. Suggested mixtures are (1) alfalfa with either orchard 

 grass or timothy; (2) Italian ryegrass, lespedeza, and bur-clover: and 

 (3) bluegrass and wliite clover. 



INDEX 



Page 



Alfalfa 13,14,20,21,64,84 



Alsikc clover - 13, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21 



Alt ernate grazing 55, 80 



Animals. See Livestock. 



Annual melilot 14, 16 



Annual pastures: 



Advantages of 42 



Disadvantages of 42 



Uses and value 6,42 



Austrian winter pea 34, 41 



Bahia grass 8, 11 



Barley 33,39 



Barnyard manure, use on pastures 25-27 



Beef calves, suckling, creek feeding 68 



Beef cattle: 



Breeding practices on pasture 67 



Calving on pasture 67 



Fattening on grain and grass 54,69-71 



Fattening on grass alone 46,68 



Feeds stipplemenling pastures 58, 66-67 



Supplementary pastures „_ 65-66 



Winter grazing 58 



Bermuda grass 8, 11, 19,20,21,86 



Bird's-foot trefoil 17 



Black medic 14, 16 



Bloating of livestock: 



Causes 64,65 



Prevention and treatment 65 



Bluegrass, Kentucky _ _ 8, 10. 18, 20, 21, 52, 70, 73, 83, 86 



Breeding cattle on pasture, method 67 



Bromegrass 8,10,18,20,52,86 



Brush: 



Control of _ 27 



Pastures 6 



Bur-clover 14, 15 



Burning, effect on pastures 29-30 



Calendar of seedings for annuals 42 



Calves: 



Beet, suckling, creep feeding 68 



Dairy, iiastures for _ 74 



Fattening on grain and grass, procedure. . 69-70 

 Feeds, supplementing pasturage 66-67 



Canada Bluegrass 8, 10, 18, 20 



Carbohydrate content, comparison of pas- 

 turage and other feeds 51 



Page 



Carpet grass 8,11,19 



Cattle: 



Bloating, prevention, and treatment 65 



See also Beef cattle; Dairy cattle; Dual- 

 purpose cattle. 



Centipede grass 8,11 



Climatic adaptation of— 



Grasses 8,33 



Legumes 14,33 



Clover: 



Alsike 13 



Cluster 15 



Crimson 33,39,84 



Ladino 14, 15 



Low hop 14,15 



Mammoth red 14 



Persian 15 



Red 13,14,18,20,21 



Sometimes injurious to livestock 64 



Sour 14,16 



White 14,15,18,19,20,86 



Cluster clover 15 



Colonial (Rhode Island) bentgrass 11 



Common kspedeza 14, 16, 18, 19, .36,37 



Contour furrows, use of 27 



Contour ridges in seed-bed preparation 23 



Cornstalks, sometimes injurious to livestock.. 64 

 Couch grass. See Quackgrass. 



Cowpeas 33,37,84 



Cows. See Cattle. 



Creeping bentgrass. See Colonial bentgrass. 



Crested wheatgrass _.. 8, 11,20 



Crimson clover 33, 39 



Crude fiber of pasturage, comparative com- 

 position 51 



Cultivation of pastures _ . 25 



Cut-over pastures 6 



Dairy calves, pastures for 74 



Dairy cattle: 



Feed capacity 71-72 



Feed requirements 66,71 



Feeds supplementing pasturage 73-74 



Hohenheim system of pasture manage- 

 ment 55-58 



Permant nt pastures 72 



Supplementary pastures 72 



