I8o6 HUMAN ANATOMY. 



therefore, are wperaunwwy. The bodies, OH the contrary, situated within the 

 i ligament, or in inti.nah- relations with the epididymis, are probably developed 

 in,,n th.'- atrophic tubules of tlu- Wolman body, and hence must be regarded as inde- 

 pendent Structure* It b said that the suprarenal bodies are sometimes wanting. 



PRACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS: THE SUPRARENAL BODY. 



ll.nwrrhw into the suprarenal body in new-born infants has been observed 

 m.-rteni ' in a number ..f cases. Various opinions as to its cause have been 

 : They have been summed up ( Hamill) as follows : (i) weakness of the 

 ..11s, normal or abnormal: (2) traumatism, especially during labor, from 

 oi the hands in making traction in delivery by the lower pole, and from 

 the frictions and flagellations used to resuscitate the apparently dead-born; (3) 

 asphyxia fn.m delay in the establishment of respiration at birth; (4) acute fatty 

 ition oi tin-' vessel-walls ; 5 ^ htty degeneration of the tissues of the organ ; 

 inn Contraction of tin- uterine muscles, the resistance of the parts traversed, 

 and consequent compression of the inferior vena cava between the liver and the 

 \eitebral column, thereby producing congestion and hemorrhage into the non- 

 t.int ti8SU oi the suprarenal gland; (7) convulsions ; (8) syphilis; (9) cen- 

 tral vasomotor inlluem e from cerebral lesions ; (10) mechanical squeezing of blood 

 into the part during tin- process of labor ; (n) too early ligation of the cord ; (12) 

 the circulation through the umbilical artery from compression of the cord 

 ition oi the placenta; (13) thrombosis of the renal vein or inferior vena 

 14 ) infection. 



1 lamill concludes that the first of these seems to be the fundamental anatomical 

 element favoring the occurrence of hemorrhage, that in still-born children prolonged 

 and difficult labor is the exciting cause, and that in those dying later some form of 

 infection is responsible: 



In cases of tumor oi the suprarenal body the following symptoms have been 

 noted i Mayo Robson ) : ( n < shoulder-tip pain, probably explained by the fact that 

 .1 -mall branch of the phrenic nerve passes to the semilunar ganglia; (6) pain radi- 

 ating from the tumor across the abdomen and to the back, not along the genito-crural 

 nerve: (o marked loss of flesh; (d) nervous depression with loss of strength; 

 -live disturbance, tlatulence and vomiting ; (/") presence of a tumor beneath 

 the co>tal margin, right or left, at first movable with respiration, but soon becoming 

 : ; it can be carried into the costo-vertebral angle posteriorly, and can be pushed 

 forward into the hollow of the palpating hand in front of the abdomen. 



:i/ing of the skin is not usual unless both suprarenals are affected. 



Till-: ANTEKloK LOBE OF THE PITUITARY BODY. 



The pituitary l>..<lv In JMI|I!I\-MS . although usually described in connection with 



tin- brain, to the ba>e of which it is attached by a stalk continued from the infun- 



dibulum i Fig. 976), consists of two entirely distinct parts which differ both in their 



genesis and structure. These are the so-called anterior and posterior lobes. The 



latter, being derived from the diencephalon, is appropriately described with the brain 



i.V->) ; the former, derived as an outgrowth from the roof of the primitive oral 



Ity, in \ie\\ of its probable function as an organ of internal secretion, may be 



idered, since in certain respects it resembles tin- thyroid body. 

 The anterior lobe, which constitutes the major part of the entire hypophysis, is 

 kidnev-shaped and receives the infundibular process in a hilum-like depression on its 

 piisteri..r surtace. It increases in si/e until about the thirtieth year, when it meas- 

 ures in the transxeise direction about u mm., in the sagittal about 7 mm., and in 

 the vertical 5 mm. The anterior lobe of the hypophysis is light grayish red in 

 ... th.- posterior appearing grayish white. It 'is surrounded by a well-marked 

 libn.iis capsule which forms, even where the two lobes are in contact, a distinct 

 investment. In Uu- anterior part of the lobe, on either side of the mill-line, a con- 

 densation oi the c,nnecti\e tissue marks the position of large blood-vessels. Fine 

 i. ml from the ca^nlc inward and form a delicate net-work, rich in capil- 



