i sr.s 



HUMAN ANATOMY. 



Surface Landmarks of Thorax. The most important of the bony points 

 havr altvadv lui-n described in connection with the spine, thorax, clavicle, and 



ila. The relations of the thoracic viscera to the surface have likewise been given 

 i page 1855). 



Inspection or palpation of the front of the chest will show (0) the oblique eleva- 

 tions of the ribs and the intercostal depressions ; () the curved arch of the costal 

 < .milages ; (<:) the sternal groove ; (</) the angulus Ludovici ; (<?) the infrasternal 

 (It -|.rrion ; (/) tin- lowi-r border of the great pectoral muscle ; (g) the digitations 

 .f the serratus magnus from the fifth to the eighth rib ; (//) the nipple (pages 168, 

 170, 171). 



The infraclavicular fossa, the coracoid process, and the pectoral deltoid groove 

 have been described in connection with the muscles and fasciae of the shoulder 

 (page 579). 



FIG. 1590. 



Infraclavicular fossa 

 Coracoid process .^MW 



Groove between deltoid f 

 and pectoralis major / 



Suprasternal notch 



Clavicle 



iiiin 

 'Acromion 



Deltoid 





Ensiform cartilage 



^^ Infrasternal 

 -^depression 



Surface landmarks of the anterior wall of the thorax. 



On tlu- posterior surface of the thorax the most useful landmarks that may be 

 or felt are (a) the spine, acromion, vertebral edge and inferior angle of the 

 scapula (pages 255, 256) ; (6) the spines of the dorsal vertebra: (page 148) ; (<r) the 

 median spinal or dorso-lumbar furrow, the groove between the erector spina? masses 



laid by the trapr/ius alxn-e and by the latissimus dorsi below ; (a?) the depres- 

 sion at tlu- inni-r i-nd of the scapular spine indicating the tendinous insertion of the 

 low. i- tibn-s ->f the trapr/ius, the level of the third intercostal space, and a portion of 

 th- rijjit bronchus ; (tf) a slight groove passing upward and outward over the erector 

 -pin.r d< vation from one of the lowest dorsal spines to this depression and marking 

 th< lower edge of the trapezius (Quain). 



Thi- landmarks ..f the ilio-costal space and lumbo-sacral region are sufficiently 

 described on pages 148, 349. 



