612 APPENDIX 



clavian changes its name to axillary in axilla, brachial in upper arm, 

 and divides at elbow into radial and ulnar. 



These arteries give off branches to muscles and surrounding 

 tissues in their course. 



VEINS OF THE EXTREMITIES 



These veins follow the general course of the arteries and usually 

 have similar names in their corresponding positions. 



Common Iliac Veins. These form the inferior vena cava at a 

 point opposite the junction of the sixth and seventh lumbar 

 vertebrae, where the internal and external iliac veins which bring 

 the blood from the leg and pelvis unite to form the common iliac 

 vein. 



Inferior Vena Cava. This is formed by the union of the common 

 iliacs. Turn stomach and intestines to the left. It will be seen 

 accompanying the aorta, and running to the right auricle of the 

 heart. 



Renal Veins. These extend laterally -from the kidneys and 

 empty into the inferior vena cava. 



Portal Vein. Formed near the outlet from the stomach by union 

 of veins from the stomach and intestines, and goes to the liver. 



Veins of the Thorax. The superior vena cava is a prominent vessel 

 extending from a point opposite the first rib to the upper part of 

 the right auricle. It conducts the blood from the head and upper 

 extremities back to the heart. It is formed by the union of the 

 two innominate veins. 



Innominate. Formed by union of the subclavian and jugular 

 veins. 



Subclavian. This returns the blood from the arm. 



External Jugular. Returns the blood from head and brain. 



ANATOMY OF THE SHEEP'S HEART 



Removal of the Pericardium. At about the middle of the length 

 of the heart, slit the pericardium and with the scissors girdle it 

 completely. Remove the lower portion and note the smoothness 

 of its internal surface. It and the apposed external surface of the 

 heart are covered by a serous membrane which secretes a fluid 

 during life. Turn the upper portion of the pericardium inside out, 



