616 APPENDIX 



With the subject sitting quietly in a comfortable position 

 count the pulse during the first twenty seconds of three con- 

 secutive minutes. Compute the rate per minute for each 

 minute. If there is much variation wait three minutes and 

 try again for three minutes. When the pulse is reasonably 

 steady for three consecutive minutes the average rate may be 

 taken as the pulse rate for that subject in that particular 

 condition. 



The Effect of Posture. Using the method described above deter- 

 mine the pulse rate with the subject lying down, sitting, and stand- 

 ing. 



The Effect of Exercise. Determine the pulse rate with the subject 

 in the sitting position. When the rate is uniform let the subject 

 raise and lower his legs six times without rising from his seat. 

 Count the pulse for twenty seconds as quickly as possible after 

 the movement ceases. 



This shows the effect of slight exercise. 



After the pulse rate has returned to normal and become steady 

 let the subject run up and down stairs for two or three minutes. 

 Count the pulse for twenty seconds as soon as possible after he 

 returns to his seat and at two-minute intervals for ten minutes 

 thereafter. 



This shows the effect on pulse rate of vigorous exercise. 



The Direction of Blood Flow in Arteries and Veins. Expose the 

 arm to the shoulder. Find in the upper arm a place where the pulse 

 can be felt. Learn by practice to occlude the artery by pressing 

 it against the arm bone. Now with one hand on the artery in the 

 upper arm and the other on the artery at the wrist determine the 

 direction of arterial flow by showing which pulse disappears whei 

 the other artery is occluded. 



Occlude a prominent vein on the hand or forearm by pressing 

 upon it with a finger. 



Observe on which side of the occluded point the vein becomes 

 congested. 



Attempt to empty the vein above and below the occluded point 

 by pressing a finger along it. 



Note on which side of the point this can be done. 



Thus is determined the direction of venous flow. 



The Control of Hemorrhage. Bleeding can be checked by com- 



