I 82 KAL:^IIA AXGUr.TIFOLIA. DWARF LAUREL. 



Hedwig named a small moss, Bartramia, which stands to this 

 day the worthy memorial of this m.odest man. Kalm was a great 

 friend of Bartram, as we judge from Kalm's journal, and as a let- 

 ter from him to John Bartram in Darlington's "Memorials" 

 indicates; and doubdess the good old Quaker botanist was well 

 satisfied that Dr. Linn:eus in his peculiar goodness had thus com- 

 memorated his friend. Kalm was no common man. He was 

 born in Finland in 1715, and was destined for the church; but 

 after attending a course of lectures by Linnceus, he determined 

 to devote his whole hfe to the study of natural history. He was 

 subsequently elected Professor of " Economy " in the University 

 of Abo, which, until its destrucdon by fire, and removal to Hel- 

 singfors in 1827, was one of the leading centres of learning in 

 the north of Europe. The Royal Swedish Academy desired to 

 send some one to explore the northern part of the American con- 

 tinent, believing from the similarity of the climate that much 

 o-ood would result to Swedish ao^riculture and the kindred arts and 

 sciences; and, on the recommendation of Linnaeus, Professor Peter 

 Kalm was selected, and a practical gardener, Lars Yungstraem, 

 detailed to accompany him. He sailed from Goettenburg on the 

 I ith of December, 1747 ; but, touching at Norway, did not reach 

 London till February. He left London on the 15th of August, 

 and arrived in Philadelphia on the 26th of September — a very 

 fair voyage for those days. In 1 749 he went through New 

 Jersey, and along the Hudson river to Albany, thence across 

 Lakes George and Champlain to Canada, where, he tells Bar- 

 tram, in the letter above cited, he was " once not far from thrown 

 in the other world," for he " did go down a river where such 

 Indians did live that do kill all the English they see." Return- 

 ing against winter to Philadelphia, he made a large shipment of 

 seeds and plants to Sweden, and the next year explored western 

 Pennsylvania, the Blue Mountains, and the coast of New Jersey; 

 and went again through New York to Niagara Falls, returning 

 in October to Philadelphia, starting for PIngland on the 13th of 

 February following, having been nearly four years away. He 



