BRODLKA GRANDIFI.ORA. CAI.IFORMA IIVACIN'TH. 79 



Fig. 5), while the second verticil has been developed into three 

 perfect stamens. In this manner the structure of the flowers of 

 the Lily family supplies an excellent illustration of the inilucnce 

 of rhythmical growth on the evolution of form. 



The three staminoid petals (or petaloid stamens) are appar- 

 ently on a line witli the perfect stamens, but with a little care in 

 observation it can readily be seen that they are placed somewhat 

 lower, and when the flower is examined before opening they will 

 be found to form what some authors have described as an in- 

 volucre around the base of the real stamens. 



The wavy growth of the leaves In our species is also well worth 

 noting, because It will be found that the same peculiarity has 

 been acquired, or exists, In the flower-stalks or stems of other 

 species of the same genus. This fact seems to support the mor- 

 phological doctrine that the stems are but modifications of the 

 leaves, as It Is not likely that the same tendency would be notice- 

 able in both If the stems and leaves were not produced simply 

 by the modification of the same elements. 



The Brodicea graiidiflora was the first known of the species of 

 its genus, having been discovered nearly one hundred years ago 

 (In 1792) by Menzles, a Scotch collector. It was named by Sir 

 J. E. Smith, the president of the Llnnocan Society of London, in 

 honor of James Brodie, another Scotch botanist, who was par- 

 ticularly distinguished for his knowledge of cryptogamous plants. 

 Brodie, however, was not connected with our plant in anv special 

 manner, as he was not its discoverer, and even had little to 

 do with American botany, as far as we are aware of. After its 

 discovery by Menzles our flower seems to ha\-e been lost sight 

 of by botanists, until it was again found by Lewis and Clarke's 

 expedition to the Missouri and Columbia Rivers. Some years 

 after this expedition It was also found by Douglas and Scouler 

 near Fort Vancouver, and bulbs sent home from there by Doug- 

 las bloomed in England in 1S2S. Up to the time just named It 

 was tlic only known species of its genus, all the other species 

 described in modern botanical works haxin-j: been found subse- 



