GLOSSARY. 



Abscission, the natural cutting ofif of members by 



means of a layer of separation. 

 Absciss-layer, a layer of separation. See above. 

 Acaulescent, stemless, or apparently so. 

 Accrescent, applied to the parts connected with the 



flower, as the calyx, &c., which increase in size 



after flowering. 

 Acerosae, Alex. Braun's term for the Coiiiferae. 

 Achene, a dry indehiscent 1-celled 1-seeded fruit. 

 Achlamydeous, used of flowering plants which have 



no calyx or corolla. 

 Acicular, bristle- or needle-shaped, 

 Acotyledones, old term (De Jussieu) for non-flower- 

 ing plants. 

 Acramphibrya, Endlicher's term for Dicotyledons 



and Gjonnosperms, regarded as plants growing 



both at the apex and at the sides. 

 Acrobrya, Endlicher's term for plants growing at 



the apex only. 

 Acrocarpous, said of Mosses which produce their 



fruit (sporogonia) at the tips of their shoots. 

 Acrodromous. See vol. i. p. 633, fig. ISO^. 

 Actinomorphic, applied to flowers which may be 



divided vertically into similar halves through two 



or more planes. 

 Aculei, slender, rigid prickles, growing from the 



bark, as in the Rose. 

 Adhesion, the union of parts normally separate. 

 Adnata, congenitally united or grown together. 

 Adventitious buds, buds produced out of their 



regular order, 

 ^cidium, in Uredinece, a cup-like collection of spores 



which are budded off from the base of the cup. 

 .Estivation, the folding of the parts of a flower in 



the bud. 

 Aggregate fruit, a fruit formed by the crowding 



together of distinct carpels ; the product of a single 



gynoeceum when that gynoeceum is apocarpous. 

 Aggregation, the condition of extreme activity of 



the stalk-cells of the tentacles of a Drosera-leaf, 



resulting from mechanical or chemical stimulation. 

 Akinetes, in Green Algse, are single cells of the 



thallus, whose original walls thicken, and which 



separate from the rest of the thallus; they corre- 

 spond to the chlamydospores of Fungi. 

 Alae, descriptive term applied to the two lateral 



members or wings of a papilionaceous corolla. 

 Albumen, any form of nutritive matter stored \vithin 



the seed and about the embryo. 

 Albuminous, containing albumen, as in the seeds of 



grain. Palms, &c. 

 Aleurone-grains,grainsof nitrogenous food-material 



frequently stored in the reserve-tissues of seeds. 

 Alga, a chlorophyll-containing member of the Thallo- 



phyta ; one of the plants, the best known of which 



are called Sea-weeds. 



Alliance, a group of allied families or ordtrs. 

 Amentaceous, having amenta or catkin* ; conuAting 



of or resembling a catkin. 

 Amentum, a catkin. See Catkin. 

 Amoeboid movements, constant changes of bIuiim 



resembling those of the " Proteus animolculi: " 



AmcEba. 

 Amphibious, said of plants such as can live either in 



the water or in tlie air. 

 Amphibrya, Endlicher's term for the Monocwty- 



ledons. 

 Amphicarpium, an archegonium when it persists, 



after fertilization, as a fruit enveloije. 

 Amphigastria, in Liverworts: certain small scales or 



leaves on the ventral side of the oophytc generatiun. 

 Amphigonium, used sometimes by Kemer as a 



synonym for archegonium. 

 Amplexicaul, nearly surrounding or clasping the 



stem : used of the leaf base in certain cases. 

 Amylum, starch. 

 Anaphyte, an old term of the nature-philosophere 



by which the potential indej^endence of every 



branch or shoot was indicated. 

 Anastomose, to inosculate or run into each other; 



to communicate with each other like arteries and 



veins. 

 Anatomy, the intimate structure of plants. 

 Anatropous, said of that form of ovule in which, 



although the nuceUus is straight, the niicropyle is 



bent down to the point of attachment of the funicle, 



and in which the body of the ovule is united to the 



funicle, which latter structure is known as the 



raphe. 

 Andrcecium, the collective term for the sUniens of 



a flower. 

 Androgonidia, the cells which in Volvox give rise to 



spermatozoids. 

 Androspores, name given to the particular zoosjwros 



which in QCdogonium give rise to miniature plants, 



termed dwarf-males. 

 Anemophilous, aj>|)lied to flowers whose pollen is 



conveyed by the agency of wind; having flowers 



fertilized by wind -borne jwlleu. 

 Animalcule, a vague term ajJiUied to small nioliln 



organisms in water. 

 Anisogametes, sexual cells, which show a differen- 

 tiation into male and female. 

 Annulus, (1) in Agarics: the ring w'' ' '• -irxinj* 



round the sUlk (stii>e), and wa-s • Uvti 



to the edge of the pileus ; the r. i. '"■• 



partiale; (2) in the Mo.ss-cai«ule : t... . ^, i .^.-lU 



which brings about the tlm)win^' .'tf -'f tUv ..j«rcu- 



lum; (3) in the Feni-sjK.)raiit,nuni : a cn.-i i.nio»» 



row of cells running vertically, obli.juely. ic. an.und 



the sporangium, by the contraction of which dch»»- 



cence takes jilace. 

 Anophyta, Endlicher's Urm for the Muscinca:. 



