Aster, pollination, &c., i. 740; ii. 284, 286. 

 Aster alpiiius, dichogamy, ii. 312. 



florets and autogamy, ii. 360. 



Aster Amellus, flower-opening constant, i. 



559. 

 Aster argophyllus, hairs, i. 321. 

 Aster Tripolium and flooding, ii. 500. 

 Asterales, ii. 765. 



Asteriscus pygmieus, seed-dispersal, ii. 845. 

 Asteroideiie, autogamy in, ii. 359. 



— geitonogaray, ii. 321. 



Astragalus, common on steppes, i. 616; al- 

 ternating axes, i. 658. 



— explosive flowers, ii. 267. 



— hairs, i. 321. 



— spines, i. 447. 



Astragalus Tragacantha, spines on branches, 



i. 447, 449. 

 Astragalus vesicarius, flower- colour and 



habitat, ii. 194. 

 Astrantia, coloured bracts attract attention, 



ii. 183. 



— geitonogamy, ii. 323. 



— flowers, sorts of, ii. 296. 



— protogynous, ii. 311. 



Astrantia alpina, &c., protection of pollen, 

 ii. 120. 



AtStrantia major, artificially induced droop- 

 ing, ii. 123. 



Asvhatta. See Ficus relirjiosa. 



Asyngamy, examples, ii. 885. 



Athamanta, geitonogamy, ii. 324. 



Athamanta cretensis, flowers, sorts of, ii. 296. 



Athens, time of flowering at, i. 518. 



Atherurus ternatus, epiphyllous buds, ii. 43. 



Athyrium Filix-foemina, sorus and indusium, 

 u. 706. 



Atlas Cedar. See Cedrus atlantica. 



Atmospheric conditions, adaptation of plants 

 to, ii. 502. 



and opening and closing of flowers, ii. 



116. 



in habitat of epiphytic Orchids, i. 222. 



— moisture as source of nitrogenous com- 



pounds, i. 241. 



— water, gases in, i. 368. 

 Atoms, aggregation of, i. 57. 



— combination, i. 452, 492. 



— re-arrangement through sanlight, i. 378. 

 Atractylis cancellata, cotyledons in germina- 

 tion, i. 613. 



Atragene, protogynous, ii. 311. 



— ringed tendrils, i. 694. 

 Atragene alpina, alpine liane, i. 671. 

 autogamy, ii. 349. 



colour of sepals, ii. 183. 



flower, Ii. 174. 



leaf-stalk tendrils, i. 691. 



nectaries, ii. 176. 



nectary concealment, ii. 181. 



protogynous, ii. 310. 



stem section, i. 733. 



Atraphaxis, geographical distribution, ii. 33. 



— reserve-buds, ii. 33. 

 Atriplex, ii. 468. 



Atriplex hastata, &c., scroll-gaU, ii. 530. 

 Atropa, cross-fertilization, ii. 305. 



— honey protection, ii. 239. 



— pollen deposition, ii. 278. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 118. 



— sticky stigmas, ii. 282. 

 Atropa Belladonna, berry, ii. 427. 



flower-opening constant, i. 559. 



leaf-mosaic, i. 421. 



poisonous properties, i. 431. 



protection of pollen, ii. 128. 



rapid fertilization, ii. 285. 



Atropine, i. 462. 



Attachment disc, of Loranthus Europieus, i. 

 211. 



of Mistletoe, i. 207, 209. 



Aubrietia deltoidea, hairs, i. 322. 



Aucuba Japonica, propagation by leaf-cut- 

 tings, ii. 41. 



Aulacomnion androgynum, thallidia, ii. 23. 



Aulacomnion turgidum, parthenogenesis, ii. 

 464. 



INDEX. 



Aulax galls on Labiatso, ii. 537. 543. 



Aulax Hieracii bud-galls on Hieraciuin. ii. 



543. 

 Auricles of Jungermanniaceas, ii. 699. 

 Auricula, artificial breeding, ii. 555. 



— Iongiflora,dichogamou8 blossoming, Ii.312. 



— scent, ii. 201. 



Auricularia sambucina, habitat, ii. 687. 

 Auriculariaceaj, basidia, ii. 680. 



— characteristics, ii. 687. 

 Australia, hairiness of plants, i. 317. 



— phyllodous acacias, i. 335. 



— shadowless forests, i. 336. 

 Australian bush, chief components, i. 432. 

 Austria, flora of, i. 6. 



Austrian Oak. See Quercus Austriaca. 

 Autogamy and size of flower, ii. 396. 



— artificially produced, ii. 406. 



— by agency of coroUa, ii. 305, 369, 372. 375. 



— by bending of pistil, ii. 350. 



— by bending of stamens, ii. 337. 



— by bending of stylar branches, ii. 360, 363. 



— by calyx elongation, li. 366. 



— by coiling of stamens and style, ii. 343, 



347. 



— by combined movements, ii. 380, 383, 385, 



386, 388. 



— by contraction of style branches, ii. 359. 



— by elongation of pistil, ii. 349. 



— by inclination of curved stamens, ii. 342. 



— by inflection of flower-stalk, &c., ii. 380. 



— by lengthening of stamens, ii. 334. 



— by movements of flower-stalk, li. 378. 



— by pollen abstraction from corolla hairs, 



ii. 363. 



— by shortening of pistil, ii. 347. 

 of stamens, ii. 340. 



— height of stamens and results of pollina- 



tiou, ii. 405. 



— in heterostyled flowers, ii. 396. 



— in sprinkling flowers, ii. 333. 



— in Willow-herb. ii. 354. 



— nature and occurrence, ii. 291, 331. 



— prevalence of, ii. 399. 



— probable causes of prevalence in Alpine 



and Arctic regions, ii. 401. 



— statistics, &c., ii. 399. 



— wide geographical range, ii. 339. 

 Autonomous movements of plants, ii. 221. 

 Autumn leaves, causes of variegation, i. 486. 

 Autumnal tints, Arctic flora, 1. 489. 



in Europe and N. America, i. 487. 



on Lake Erie, i. 488. 



Auxospore, of Diatoms, ii 623. 

 Avena and Puccinia gramini-, ii. 686. 



— fruit-dispersal, ii. 843. 



— pollination, ii. 142. 



Avena compressa, leaf-folding, i. 340. 

 Avena elatlor, course of pollen-tubes, ii. 408. 



pollination, ii. 139. 



spikelets, ii. 139. 



stigma and germinating pollen-grains, 



ii. 409. 

 Avena flavescens, arched leaf, i. 429. 

 Avena planiculmis, geographical distribution 



and leaf-folding, i. 340 

 Avena sativa, flower-opening constant, i. 659. 



host of Ustilago segetum, ii. 675. 



Averrhoa Carambola, leaf, diurnal positions, 



i. 534. 

 Awn of Feather Grass, functions, i. 617. 



— of Graminese, ii. 746. 



Axillary buds, distribution, &c., ii. 29. 

 Axis, leaf-bearing, sorts of, i. 650. 



— of inflorescence, i. 737. 



Azalea, hair-like cuticular filaments, i. 310. 



— ovary, ii. 76. 



— pollen-tetrads, ii. 104. 



— pollination, ii. 130. 



— viscin of pollen-grains, li. 101. 

 Azalea Indica, scentless, ii. 209. 

 Azalea pontica, scent, ii. 201. 

 Azalea procumbens, i. 304. 306, 490. 662. 

 autogamy, ii. 337. 



flower, ii. 279. 



rolled leaf, vertical section, i. 303. 



stigma, ii. 282. 



931 



Az^jMa. u.la|.utl'.rilocl»»n»ool batMt*!. L 71 



— ami Simltx;, li. CM. 



— dt-HcripiKiti, II. 710. 711. 



— Bwlmiiiing habit, I. 869. 

 AiyBo«i>ore»,ln Mueoriol. II. 673. 



B. 



Bacliarin, watrr-cuUocUnc U)4 alaorUi^ 



organa, 1. 232. 

 Bacillarialfu, Ue»crlptlon. U. ejS. 



— group of ThallophytA. U. 620. 

 Cacillua, i. 2-3 



Bacillus Airiyl-jlKictcr. frnnrutAtlon. U. exX. 



HupiMjuod foMil remaiiu, II. 62S 



Bacillus amyluTonu, canker on fnilt-lreM, 



ii. 523. 

 BacUlus AutlimcU, cause of anthrai. li. 624. 



BhajM! of, i. 1C3. 



Bacillus lacticus and souring of milk. li. 6S 

 Bacillus subtilb, cilia, 11. C23 

 Bacteria, action on bhxxl. I. 167. 



— as cause of disease, i. 103. 



— conditions of life, i. 506. 



— description, li. 622. 



— dispersion, i. 263. 



— evidences of antiquity, ii. 634. 



— fermentative aullon, i. 505. 



— general characteristicii, i. 161. 



— means of distlnguintiinK, I 163 



— movements and cilia, il. 623. 



— nature of, i. 505. 



— putrefactive, beneflcfnt action. .^ : :■■* 

 in water basins, of Diiwjuun. i '.'I:' 



— saprophytic, effect on sul>»lr:ttuin, i:. CO 



— symbiosis with root-fibres, u. 521. 

 Bacteria-rods, of BegKiaiuo, i. 105. 

 Bacterium aceti, ii. 624. 



activity, i. 506. 



Bacterium tcrmu, i. 203. 

 Balanophora, replaces Lani^lorlUa ajyl 

 Scybalia in eastern heuiiDplierr, i. 189. 



— seeds, development, inception of inflo- 



rescence, ic , i. 190. 



Balanophora dioico, widely dislnbuled lo 

 the Himalaya, i. 190. 



Balanophora elungata, proTalenoo in JaT% 

 collected for iu wax, i. 190. 



Balanophora fungosa, discorery aixl distri- 

 bution, i. 190. 



Balanophora Uildebrandtii. L 1S9 



Balanophora InTolucrala, basts, i. 190. 



Balunopboraccau, i. 762. 



— African species, fewness of, i. IK. 



— antbocyanin. i. 483. 



— colour and odour, li. 197. 



— embryo. 1. 596; il. 450. 



— £uro|icun genus, L IVi 



— features uslhI for clasuflcalioii. L IM. 



— formerly described as fuugi. sp 



about, i. 190. 



— genera, i. 186. 



— geographical distribution, L 18&. 



— habitat. I. 186. 



— nature of scents, II. 199. 



— ovule. 11. 81. 



— parasitic I. 189. 191. 193 



— scaly stciiri. i '''•" 



-Blfd. .: n. 4.-. 1 IN- 



Balano,.: 

 Balanor -:»<■<• "f U. 



doii! 

 Ballistu : 

 BalloUi. ♦44. 



«6t 



ralil>.li>e i" 

 — name jItpd • 



excrct<>d by i ■ : 

 Balwnilnra, cxtn» l!. r..: i 

 Baltic Horm colour |«rori 



