942 



Cupressus, egg-cells, ii. 419. 



— embryo development, ii. 438. 



— fertilization, ii. 420. 



— pollen-storing and dispersion, ii. 146. 

 Cupressus fastigiata, dimensions, &c., i. 720. 

 Cupressus sempervirens, female flower, ii. 



443. 



— ripe cone, ii. 443. 

 Cups, of Peziza, ii. 682. 

 Cupule, of Oak, ii. 435. 

 Cupuliferoe, fertilization, ii. 413. 



— mycorhiza, i. 251. 

 Curculigo, epiphyllous buds, ii. 44. 



Curl disease of Peach, t*cc., cause of, ii. 524. 

 Currant-gall, on Oak, ii. 526. 

 Curvispiua, section of Rhamnus, ii. 299. 

 Cuscuta, i. 182, 687. 



— affinities i. 171. 



— autogamy, ii. 344. 



— distribution, i. 171. 



— embryo, i. 596, 648, 750; ii. 450. 

 Cuscuta, European species annual, i. 175. 



— life on Lost, i. 172, 174. 



— scaly stem, i. 651. 



— seed, i. 647. 



Cuscuta Europsea, weather and pollination, 



ii. 391. 

 Cuscuta Trifolii, i. 172. 

 Cuticle, i. 62, 78, 278. 



— and animals, i. 432. 



— functions in leaves, i. 226. 284. 



— general texture, modifications, i. 310. 



— in relation to water-absorption, i. 227. 



— modifications of, in rolled leaves, i. 302. 



— of epidermal cells, impermeability to 



water, ii. 309. 



— of stoma, function, i. 164. 



— on particular cells of hairs, i. 228. 

 Cuticularized layers, i. 309. 

 Cutleriaceje, thallus, ii. 661. 

 Cutting, morphological value, ii. 6. 

 Cuttings, perpetuation of crossings by, ii. 



555, 556. 



— propagation by, i. 250, 251. 



— root formation, i. 772. 

 Cyanogen, i. 454. 

 Cyanophycese, ii. 606, 621. 

 Cyathea, caudex, ii. 705. 



Cyathea elegans, fertile pinna, ii. 711. 

 Cyatheacese, characteristics, ii. 706, 708. 

 Cyathus, structure, ii. 690. 

 Cyathus striatus, ii. 690. 

 Cycad, caudex, i. 714. 

 Cycadaceie, description, ii. 718. 



— fossil remains, ii. 636, 720. 



— number of species, ii. 720. 

 Cycadales, ii. 718. 

 Cycad-cone, i. 193. 

 Cycads, at Kew, ii. 720. 



— dimensions, ii. 718. 



— dioecious, ii. 299. 



— mode of growth, i. 659. 



— ovules, development of, ii. 81. 



— pollen-grain, ii. 96. 



— protection of poUen, ii. 124. 



— seeds and carpels, ii. 441. 



— spiuose leaves, i. 438. 



— vitality of spermatoplasm, ii. 96. 

 Cycas and Nostoc, ii. 622. 



— ovule, ii. 418. 



— ovule quite exposed, ii. 72. 

 Cycas circinalis, size of leaf, i. 287. 

 Cycas revoluta, carpel and ovules, ii. 74. 

 carpels, ii. 720. 



group of, ii. 719. 



integument of ovule, ii. 81. 



— — seed-coat, ii. 439. 

 Cyclamen, autogamy, ii. 333, 379. 



— cause of flecked appearance of leaves, i. 



285. 



— dehiscence of pollen-sacs, ii. 92. 



— nectary concealment, ii. 181. 



— pollen-sprinkling, ii. 274. 



— ripening of fruit, ii. 873. 



Cyclamen europaeum, &c., antbocyanin, ii. 



519, 520. 

 duration of flowering, ii. 213. 



Cyclamen europseum, &c., scent, ii. 200, 201. 



stamen, ii. 91. 



Cyclanthaceae, dehiscence of pollen-sacs, ii. 

 92, 745. 



Cyclanthera esplodens, seed-dispersal, ii. 836. 



Cyclanthera pedata, tendril, i. 697. 



Cyclops, i. 122, 138, 153. 



Cyclostigma, group of Gentians, conceal- 

 ment of honey, ii. 182. 



Cydonia, fruit, ii. 436. 



Cydonia Japonica, root-slips, ii. 27. 



Cylindrocapsa, reproduction and structure, 

 u. 650. 



Cymbalaria, sub-genus of Saxifraga, ii. 346. 



Cyme, modifications, i. 738, 746. 



Cymodocea, pollen and pollination, ii. 104. 



Cymodocea antarctica, bulbils, ii. 457. 



dispersal of offshoots, ii. 807. 



Cymopolia, structure, ii. 647. 



Cynanohum, cotyledons, i. 608. 



— scent, ii. 202. 



Cynanchum fuscatum, plumed seeds, ii. 857. 



Cynauchum Vincetoxicum, as host of Cron- 



artium asclepiadeum, ii. 615. 



downward pull of roots, i. 767. 



Cynara scolymus, i. 189. 



fruit, U. 432. 



Cynipedes and Oak-apples, ii. 537. 



— escape of larvae from galls, ii. 538. 

 Cynips caput-medusae, gall on pericarp of 



Quercus pubescens, ii. 540, 541. 

 Cynips Hartigii, bud-galls on Quercus sessi- 



liflora, ii. 541. 

 Cynips KoUari, galls on Oak twig, ii. 541. 

 Cynips lucida, bud-galls on various Oaks, ii. 



542. 

 Cynips polycera, bud-galls on Oak, ii. 541, 



542, 550. 

 Cynoglossum, honey concealment, ii. 180. 



— protogynous, ii. 310, 311. 

 Cynoglossum pictura, flower, ii. 180. 



hooked fruit, ii. 871. 



CynomoriaccEe, ii. 762. 

 Cynomorium, life-history, i. 198. 



— medicinal use, i. 198. 



— sole European species of Balanophoreae 



hosts, i. 198. 

 Cynomorium coccineum, i. 197. 

 Cyperaceje, ii. 142. 



— description, ii. 746. 



— habitats, number of species, &c., ii. 748. 



— poUen-grain, ii. 102. 

 Cyperus, germination, i. 605. 



— switch-plants, i. 330. 



Cyperus Papyrus. See Papyrus antiquorum. 

 Cypress. See Cvpressus fastigiata. 

 Cypripedium, ii. 736. 



— anthocyanin, i. 520. 



— edible floral hairs, ii. 170. 



— stamens, ii. 253. 



— stigmas, ii. 253. 



— transference of pollen to insects, ii. 245. 

 Cypripedium Calceolus, duration of flowers, 



ii. 214. 



flower and bee, ii. 249. 



pollination, ii. 245. 



Cypripedium oaudatum. See Paphiopedil- 

 ium caudatuvi. 



Cypripedium insigne, &c., duration of flower- 

 ing, ii. 214. 



Cypris, i. 122, 153. 



Cyrtandreae, scarlet flowers in, ii. 196. 



Cyst, of Myxomycete Plasmodium, ii. 619. 



Cystoliths, of Boehmeria, optical effect, i. 



Cystopus candidus, ii. 22, 56, 670. 



and Capsella Bursa-pastoris, ii. 525. 



Cystosira, ii. 664. 



— as host-plant, i. 77. 



— luminosity, i. 388. 



— on crabs, i. 77. 



— structure, i. 590. 



Cystosira barbata, where thrives best, i. 105. 

 Cytinaceae, ii. 755. 



Cytinus hypocistus, a parasite, i. 197, 201-204. 

 Cytisus, i. 250, 298, 330. 



— cold resistance experiments, ii. 489. 



Cytisus, insects and keel movements, ii. 252. 

 Cytisus Adami, alleged graft-hybrid, ii. 570. 

 Cytisus albus, protection of stomata from 



moisture, i. 298. 

 Cytisus alpinus, and buds of C. Adami, ii. 

 570. 



scent, ii. 201. 



Cytisus austraUs, &c., resistance to cold, ii. 

 489. 



Rovigno, ii. 489. 



Cytisus candicans, protection of stomata 



from moisture, i. 298. 

 Cytisus Jacquinianus, and buds of C. Adami, 



ii. 570. 

 Cytisus Laburnum, alluring floral tissue, ii. 

 170. 



flower-opening constant, i. 559. 



preparation of flowers for insect visits, 



ii. 223. 



seedling, i. 9. 



seeds and cold, i. 544. 



Cytisus radiatus, chloreiichyma and stomata, 

 i. 332. 



details, i. 299. 



geographical distribution, &c., i. 297. 



green tissue, position, i. 471. 



protection of stomata from moisture, i 



297. 

 Cytisus spinosus, spines, i. 443, 449. 

 Cytoplasm, formative importance, ii. 494. 

 — views regarding, ii. 493. 



D. 



Dabeocia polif olia, geographical distributiou, 



i. 307. 

 Dacryomyces, shrivelling through loss of 



water, i. 216. 

 Dactylis, pollination, ii. 142. 

 Diedalea queroina, ii. 21, 689. 

 Daemonorops hygrophilus, shoot apex, i. 676 

 Daffodil family. See Amaryllidece. 

 Dahlia, propagation of crossings, ii. 556. 

 Dais cotonifolia, propagation by root-slips, 



ii. 27. 

 Dame's Violet. See Hesperis. 

 Dammara. See A(jathis. 

 Damping-off, u. 670. 

 Dandelion. See Taraxacum officinale. 

 Dandruff, due to Microsporon furfur, i. 169. 

 Daphnales, description, ii. 752. 

 Daphne, pollen-grain, ii. 102. 



— protection of pollen from wet, ii. 111. 



— stigma, ii. 281. 



Daphne alpina, scent, ii. 201, 203. 

 Daphne Blagayana, ii. 240, 752. 



geographical distribution, ii. 902. 



scent, ii. 203. 



Daphne Laureola, scent, ii. 201. 



sheltering of pollen, ii. 108. 



spongy tissue of leaf, i. 279. 



Daphne Mezereum, ii. 289, 753. 



berry, ii. 427. 



cross-fertilization, ii. 301. 



fruiting branch, ii. 426. 



hermaphrodite, ii. 296. 



leaf-size and vertical range, i. 287. 



resemblance of flowering Apodanthes, 



with host, to, i. 201. 



thermal constants, i 



Daphne Philippi, scent, ii 



sheltering of pollen. 



Daphne pontica, scent, ii. 

 Daphne striata, scent, ii. 201, 203. 

 Darkness, germination and growth in, i. 518. 

 Darlingtonia Califomica, general account, 



i. 127. 

 Darwin and cross-fertilization, ii. 331. 



— compares root-tip to simple brain, i. 776. 



— Fertilization of Orchids, ii. 738. 



— his influence on the study of botany, i. 16. 



— theory of natural selection, i. 600. 

 Dasyactis, circular movements, i. 684. 



— habit, i. 248, 589. 



— lime incrusted, i. 260. 



,559. 



201. 



