Querous Cerris and Erineum quercinum, ii 

 529. 



and gall of Cecidomyia cerris, ii. 534,538. 



and spangle-galls of Neuroterus, ii. Ml! 



staminal galls, ii. 540. 



Quercus pedunculata, age, i. 720. 



dimensions, i. 722. 



fruiting branch, ii. 435. 



inflorescences and flowers, ii. 298. 



normal and sucker leaves, ii. 515. 



numerous galls on, ii. 552. 



Quercus pendullna.bud-gallsofCynipslucida. 



ii. 542. 

 Quercus pubescens, and gall of Cynips caput- 

 raedusae, ii. 541. 



influence of Cynips polycera, ii. 550. 



Quercus sessiliflora, dimensions, i. 722. 



fruiting branch, ii. 435. 



galls on bract-scales, ii. 540. 



Quickset hedge, nature of, i. 673. 

 Quince. See Pyrus cydonia. 

 Quinine, i. 462. 



R. 



"Race", meaning of, ii. 581. 



Raceme, i. 738. 



Rachis, application of term, i. 737. 



— developed into spine, i. 447. 

 Radiation and leaf -movements, i. 532. 

 Radicle, behaviour in Mistletoe, i. 206. 

 Radiolaria and ChloreUa, symbiotic, ii. 637. 

 Radiolariae, symbiosis with plants, i. 254. 

 Radix palaris, i. 760. 



Raffia Ruffii, inflorescence, i. 745. 

 Rafflesia, colour and odour, ii. 197. 



— mycelium-like tissue in host, i. 200. 

 Rafflesia Arnoldii, flower, description of, &c , 



i. 203. 

 Rafflesia Padma, Java, size and description 



of flowers, i. 203. 

 Rafflesia Schadenbergiana, size of flowers, 



ii. 185. 

 Rafflesiacese, ii. 755. 



— anthocyanin, i. 483. 



— flower-Btalk origin, i. 736. 



— nature of scents, ii. 199. 



— only European representative, i. 204. 



— parasitic ou trunks and branches, i. 201. 

 Rafflesiie, disagreeable odour, i. 199. 



— geographical distribution, nii, Je of growth, 



size of flowers, &c., i. 203. 

 Ragwort. See Senecio. 

 Rain, agent in dispersal of offshoots, ii. 809. 



— and sensitive plants, i. 536. 



— carbon dio.^ide, sulphuric acid, and am- 



monia in, i. 79. 



— carbonic and nitric acid in, i. 370. 



— dust collector, i. 80. 



Rain-water, contrivances for retention of, i. 



156. 



irrigation of, i. 97. 



various modifications of cauline leaves 



for conduction, i. 95. 

 Ramalina reticulata, Fruticose Lichen, ii.694. 

 Ramondia, dehiscence of poUen-sacs, ii. 92. 



— pollen sprinkling, ii. 274. 

 Ramondia pyrenaica, stamen, ii. 91. 

 Rampion. See Phytcuma. 

 Ranales, ii. 774. 



Ranunculacete, autogamy in, ii. 345, 381. 



— dichogamy in, ii. 311. 



— distribution of sexes, ii. 298. 



— hybrids among, ii. 584. 



— movements of stamens, ii. 250. 



— pollen-grains, ii. 99. 



— protection of pollen, ii. 118. 



— protogyny in, ii. 310. 



— venation, i. 633. 



— Water, leaf-rosettes, i. 412. 

 Ranunculus, aquatic, aerial and submerged 



leaves, ii. 505. 

 pollen dispersion, ii. 105. 



— carpellary insect platform, ii. 229. 



— storage of pollen, ii. 94. 



Ranunculus acris, protection of pollen, ii. 120. 



INDEX. 



Ranunculu^s^alpestris, distribution of 8exe». R«,pirat! 



nectaries, ii. 178. 



Ranunculus aquatilLs, heteropliyUoua, i. CC8. 



lime-incrusting, i. 260. 



Ranunculus baldensis, distribution of gt-xes 



ii. 298. 

 RanunciUus Baudotii, heterophyUous, i. 668. 

 Ranunculus bulbosus, downward pull of 



roots, i. 767. 

 Ranunculus Ficaria, bud-like offshoots. U 

 459. 



colour of flowers, ii. 183. 



plant and tuber-like offshoots, ii. 460. 



tubers, i. 651. 



tubers dispersed by floods, ii. 810. 



Ranunculus fluitans, length, i. 388. 

 Ranunculus glacialis, distribution of sexes 

 ii. 298. 



flower, ii. 174. 



nectaries, ii. 178. 



nectary concealment, ii. 181. 



Ranunculus hololeucus, heterophyUous, i. 



971 



Ranunculus Neapolitanus, roots, i. 760. 



Raphanus, pollen-grain, ii. 100. 



Raphanus sativus, cotyledons, i. 621. 



Raphe, of ovule, ii. 81. 



Raphia tsedigera, Brazil, size of leaves, i. 287. 



Raphides, i. 457. 



Raphidophora decursiva, ii. 743. 



climbing habit, ii. 745. 



Rariorum Plantarum Historia, by Clusius, 

 ii. 601. 



Raspberry. See Rub^ls Idmus. 



Ravenala, sheltering of pollen, ii. 108. 



Ravenala Madagascariensis, ii. 735. 



Rays, medullary, i. 468. 



Rays of spectrum, absorption, transforma- 

 tion, i. 379. 



Reaumuria, salt on leaves and stem, i. 236. 



Recapitulation-theory, ii. 608. 



Receptacle, floral, i. 746. 



— honey secretion, i. 747. 



— in fruit-formation, ii. 435. 



— persistent, ii. 434. 



Red Currant. See Ribcs rubrum. 



Red-rot, i. 264. 



Red Sea, reddened by Trichodesmium, i. 389. 



Red Sea-weeds. See Floridece. 



Red Snow, i. 139: ii. 627. 



Red-wood. See Sequoia sempervirais. 



Reed. See Phraomites communis. 



Reed-like Grasses, wax on leaves, i. 292. 



Reed-mace. See Typha lati/olin. 



Reeds, contrivances for irrigation, i. 99. 



— type of community, ii. 888, 893. 

 Rehmannia, pollen deposition, ii. 280. 

 Reindeer-moss. See Cladonia rangi/erina. 

 Rejuvenescence, of plants, i. 584. 

 Renovation without fertilization, ii. 45. 

 Replum, of siliqua, ii. 432. 

 Reproduction, kinds of, ii. 6. 



— of Chara fragilis, ii. 660. 



— very simple type in Cblamydoroonas, ii. 



630. 



Reproductive organs, homologies in Phanero- 

 gams and Vascular Cryptogams, ii. 478. 



protection from loss of heat, i. 529. 



Reseda, ovary, ii. 73. 



Reseda odorata, artificial tree production, ii. 

 453. 



scent, ii. 200, 209. 



ResedaceiE, ovary open, ii. 775. 



Reserve-buds, characteristics, ii. 34. 



distribution, ii. 31. 



Reserve materials, i. 459. 



and enzymes, i. 464. 



Reserve-tissue, food-stores, i. 598. 



ofseeds, i. 599; ii. 422. 



Resen'oirs, water, in leaves, i. 156. 



Residual substances in autumn leaves, i. 485. 



Resilient fruit-stalks and dispersal, ii. 840. 



Resin and preservation of fossil plaiit5, ii. 

 612. 



— and protection of fruits, ii. 446. 

 Respiration and germination, i. 494. 



-"..M-ur.julcuLUi. I iM 



— miMlu* optmiidl, I. 4'.<i 



— of planu, iriii-:i!i,„- f .• , j i.io 

 Respirator) j,^ 



— heat an: . li. i MO 

 Rcumo, • i; , ; 

 -protccti.ji, .. ;i. ii,.,utu»^ L 



298. 



— protective otwi of w«x, I. 292 

 Retention of depoiitol pollm, H. 279. 

 Rtttenstcin, aUte mount»liii uhI 



istic TcgcUtion, ii. t'A 

 Revolver-flowered (Jciitmiii, il. 387. 

 Revolver-Uowet*. il. 249. 

 Rhacomitrieo, spcclmj »»)«jn r 



218. 

 Rbamnus, drupe, Ii. 428. 



— hybrids in, il. 584. 



— phyUotaxia, i. 3'J9. 



Rhamnus cathartic*, diilribution of txr% U. 

 299. 



poUengraing. ii. 97. 



scroU-galU of Trior* Rhamnl. U. Ml. 



Rhamnus hybrida. beharlour of foliMe. IL 



574. 

 Rhamnus pumila, latlice-fonnim »tem. L 



678. 

 Rbamnus saiatilis. diitributlon of nxca. U. 



299. 



spines, i. 443. 



Rhamnus tinctoria, distribution of Mxea. II 



299. 

 Rhamnus Wulfenii. Tenalion, L 630. 

 Rheum, i. 94. 



— and Field-mice, i. 763. 



— anthocyanin, i. 484. 



— geitonogamy, ii. 328. 



— scale-leaves and earthing up. I. fiSS. 

 Rhinanthaceaj, geitonogamy, ii. 331. 



— hybrids among, ii. 585. 



— many parasitic i. 176. 



— nectaries, ii. 174. 



— pollination, ii. 129. 



— relationships to Lathrwa^ I. 181. 



— uniformity of venation, i. 635. 

 Rhinantbus, nectary. iL 174. 



— pollen sprinkling, ii. 272. 



— protection of iKillen from wrt. IL 110. 



— venation, i. 631. 



Rbinanthus anguntifollus. flower, iL 273. 



pollcn-sprinklins »pii*r«lu». iL J7S. 



Rhipidopteris, distribution of •ixirancia, U. 



706. 

 Rhipidopteris pcltata. Mrxioo, two ktnJa al 



fronds, ii. 12. 

 Rhipsalis, on trees, L 106. 

 Rhizidiotnyccs, life-cycle, il. 671. 

 Rhizobium, fixation of frre nllro(ro, U. SI 

 Rhizobotrja nlpino, autoin^my. IL 335. 

 Rbizocarpa, deacriplion, ii. 709. 

 Rhiznitls, abeorption-celU of MoaMi, ftc. L 



86. 



— mechanical changM due to, I. 365 



— of Grimmia apocarpa, iU*inUcT*Uac 



power, L 258. 



— of Mm-.<. s. w.it. r .il.s tIhMh. L J19 

 Rb., I «»«. 

 Rlii 



Rl.i. 



Rbu..i ,. . .j*IL«i 



Rhiziiphom. ' TS9 



— c<>uii>an>l ■ ^l. IL 480. 



— elevation 1 • 



— germination. \.' . I '"• '.' 



— habitat, L €01 



— norootrapiomaivh-inhaUUnc. 1 IM. 



— n>ot«, L "16- 



Rhixopbora conjiwat*. erobrjotrny. »c.. I 



602. 

 flower, fruit, (ewl and fvnnloaUatt, L 



603. 

 iUlt rxwta. »lJuCJ»rr. I 759. 761 



