DEPARTMENT OF LANDS AND FORESTS FOR 1933 133 



replaced by a reinforced cement top as soon as possible since the present cover 

 is badly worn and is not in fit shape to permit the passage of heavy trucks or 

 gasoline tank trucks. 



(3) Permanent Plantations 



All permanent plantations are progressing favourably. No new plantations 

 were established. 



(4) Protection 



(a) Animal and Bird: 



Owing to the light snowfall, little damage has been occasioned, during the 

 winter of 1932-33, by rabbits or mice. Squirrels continued their raids on the 

 walnut seed lines but their numbers were considerably thinned out by shooting. 



Crows were much less troublesome than usual, probably because no 

 butternuts were planted this year. 



(b) Insects: 



White Pine Weevil. — Attacks of the White Pine Weevil on the 200-acre 

 plot in Manvers continued, but, owing to the small staff, we were unable to 

 follow up control measures. 



(b) Leconte's Sawfly: 



After the discovery last year of an infestation of Leconte's Sawfly on one 

 of the Scotch pines in the nursery windbreak, a careful check-up was made of 

 all nursery plantations and windbreaks. No further infestations were dis- 

 co ve red. j 



Private plantations in the vicinity which have been severely attacked in 

 previous years and on which control measures had been adopted, were still 

 found to be suffering from attacks. We were unable to resume control measures 

 this year. 



(c) Fungi: 



Damping-off. — A very severe attack of damping-off broke out in the red 

 pine beds on June 3rd following a light rain with prevailing high temperatures. 

 Very serious loss resulted in this one species, while other species in adjoining 

 blocks escaped practically unscathed. 



During the course of the fall sowing of red pine in 1932, two test beds were 

 established in which control of damping-off by the use of powdered sulphur and 

 of aluminum sulphate was tried out. Each bed was divided into six sections, 

 differing quantities of powdered sulphur being applied in the seed bed cover in 

 each of four sections of the one bed, while in the other bed, differing quantities 

 of aluminum sulphate were applied. The remaining two sections were untreated 

 for checking purposes. The amounts of chemical applied varied from % oz. per 

 sq. ft. in the lightest application to 3^ oz. per sq. ft. in the heaviest, being the 

 same weight of chemical in corresponding sections of the beds. 



Results observed during the outbreak were negative — if anything, the 

 check plots and untreated beds adjoining showed less damage than the treated 

 plots. 



