data on these birds are not available, but general conclusions can 

 be drawn. 



Most of the passerine species that frequent the project area are 

 associated with the bottomland forest. Extensive clearing of the bottom- 

 land forest in preparation for pool impoundment was destructive of 

 habitats used by song birds both in migration and for breeding. Breeding 

 song birds most affected were: great crested flycatcher, wood pewee, 

 tree swallow, black-capped chickadee, tufted timouse, white-breasted 

 nuthatch, house wren, Bewick's wren, Carolina wren, wood thrush, red- 

 eyed vireo, warbling vireo, prothonotary warbler, yellow-throat, and 

 American redstart. 



Other birds, closely allied to Passerif ormes, that were adversely 

 affect by clearing bottomland timber are the following woodpeckers: 

 pileated, hairy, downy, red-bellied, and red-headed. 



The only area that wasn't cleared was Calhoun Point in Pool 26. 

 A cooperative agreement between the Army Corps of Engineers, Illinois 

 Natural History Survey, and National Park Service allowed this area to 

 be flooded. Inundation killed mature timber, temporarily creating additional 

 habitat for woodpeckers and cavity-nesting birds . The maj or species of birds 

 that were affected are the red-bellied, red-headed, downy, hairy, 

 and pileated woodpeckers; the yellow-shafted flicker; tree swallow; 

 and prothonotary warbler (Yeager, 1949: 62). For the song birds and 

 woodpeckers there was no mitigation for the extensive bottomland 

 forests that were cleared. 



Muskrats 



The implementation of the nine-foot channel benefited muskrat 

 populations on Pools 24, 25, and 26 of the Illinois and Mississippi 

 Rivers. Muskrats depend on marsh vegetation for both feeding and 

 house construction. The implementation of Pools 26 and 25 in 1938 

 created 600 acres of shallow water at Calhoun Point, Illinois and 

 approximately 1,000 acres at Batchtown, Illinois. Much of this 

 acreage supported marsh vegetation creating habitat for muskrats. 

 The importance of these water areas is reflected by partial counts of 



