AFFECTIONS OF THE TURBINATED BONES IN THE HORSE. 21 



largement of the submaxillary glands, and swelling at the base of the 

 forehead. The cases reported by Sand, Moller, and Frohner, all agree 

 in this respect. The three cases referred to by the latter are inter- 

 esting from a therapeutic stand-point. The essential facts are as 

 follows : the first case was that of a six-year-old mare, which showed 

 abundant, yellowish, offensive discharge from the right nostril, swelling 

 of the submaxillary gland, to which the skin was adherent, injection 

 of the pituitary membrane, and, towards the base of the nasal bone, a 

 painful circumscribed swelling, over which percussion gave a dull sound. 

 The changes affected the deep part of the nasal cavity. Examination 

 by means of the nasal mirror failed to explain the nature of the 

 condition. On trephining the nasal bone, the anterior turbinated 

 bone was seen to be partially necrotic. The dead part having been 

 removed, the cavity was washed out with creolin solution and plugged 

 with iodoform gauze. Recovery occurred in three weeks. 



The second case was that of a twelve-year-old mare, showing 

 practically the same symptoms as the former. Discharge, however, 

 was bilateral, and the swelling at the base of the forehead was on the 

 left side near the wider portion of the nasal bone. This bone was 

 trephined, the diseased portion of the upper turbinated bone removed, 

 and the parts dressed as in the preceding case. Cure followed in a 

 fortnight. 



The third animal was a nine-year-old horse, with necrosis of the 

 left upper turbinated bone. The same operation was performed 

 as in the two previous cases. In six weeks the animal was returned 

 home. Three weeks later it had completely recovered. 



I ought to add that in other cases the result has not been so happy. 

 Sometimes the discharge has persisted much longer. In one of 

 Moller's cases necrosis recurred, and recovery appeared hopeless. 

 You yourselves have seen that rapidly fatal complications ma}' occur. 



The facts just given and the case I have published sufficiently 

 demonstrate the occurrence in the horse of a special disease, consisting 

 in partial necrosis of one or both turbinated bones ; a disease producing 

 clinical signs permitting of diagnosis, which sometimes remains 

 localised for a long period, sometimes is rapidly followed by compli- 

 cations, and which is best treated by trephining the nasal cavity, 

 removing necrotic portions of the turbinated bone, and applying anti- 

 septic dressings. 



