46 



CLINICAL VETERINARY MEDICINE AND SURGERY. 



More deeply situated under the spleen and small colon we found the 

 stomach, flaccid and empt}-, pushed close up to the vertebral column, 

 the right half in advance, the smaller curvature turned towards the 

 vertebral column, that portion of the left sac (fundus) nearest the 

 oesophagus riding on the right margin of the rent in the diaphragm, a 

 position which prevented food material returning into the oesophagus. 

 The cardiac end (fundus) had also undergone rotation, which prevented 

 ^•omiting. In the greater curvature of the right cul-de-sac was a large 

 rent measuring about ele^•en and a half inches in length. The margins 



Fig. 6. — Diaphragmatic hernia. E, epiploon. I G, loop of small intestine. 

 C F, floating colon. R, spleen. P, lung. Pe, pericardium. 



were thin and blood-stained. The rent extended through the mucous 

 membrane for a length of ten inches, and through the muscular and 

 serous coats a further four inches. The two latter coats were retracted, 

 forming a deep red margin around the opening in the mucous membrane. 

 From this opening had escaped a large amount of food, which had dis- 

 tended the large epiploon. 



The rupture through which the abdominal viscera had entered the 

 chest was chiefly situated in the left upper portion of the diaphragm. 

 It was elliptical in shape, and measured fourteen and a half by six 

 inches. Its margins were smooth and fibrous throughout the greater 

 part of their length. The right margin was straight, thick, and rigid, 

 and ran obliquel}' from aboxe downwards and from left to right. Its 



