172 CLINICAL vp:terinary medicinp: and surgery. 



taken out of the stable, and left for some hours in the open air. On the 

 fifth and six days we noted on the right side a slight deep-seated tubal 

 sound, although crepitation persisted in parts of the lower region of both 

 lobes. On the eighth day the temperature still remained at 40° C. 

 (104° F.). Next day it began to decline, but the general and local 

 symptoms diminished less rapidly than in the first patient, only disap- 

 pearing completely on the fourteenth day. 



In our third patient the disease behaved very much as in the 

 preceding. Both lungs were affected, the left more severely than the 

 right. For several days there was marked depression and cardiac 

 disturbance. The temperature rose to 4i'4° C. (io6"5° F.). defer- 

 vescence only setting in on the eighth day. On the twelfth the more 

 important functions had become normal. 



Although these two patients showed no symptoms pointing to the 

 existence of grave lesions in other organs than the lungs, they had 

 suffered from contagious pneumonia, contracted in their own stable. 



During the last few months you have seen a number of other cases 

 ■of sporadic and contagious pneumonia. I called your attention to their 

 special features. I showed you that in simple pneumonia the inflam- 

 matory centre is early revealed and limited, the course is regular and 

 typical, the defervescence is clearly marked and occurs on a fixed date, 

 complications are rare, convalescence is short, prognosis favourable, and 

 recovery almost constant. On the other hand, in contagious pneumonia 

 the pulmonary lesion is generally at first deep-seated, invades neigh- 

 bouring parts, or occurs at several points — is, in a word, multiple; the 

 course is atypical or protracted, the defervescence slow, and sometimes 

 attended by relapses ; complications are numerous ; convalescence is 

 slow, and the prognosis grave. 



Future investigations may possibly establish the essential identity of 

 these two conditions — the unicity of pneumonia in the horse ; possibly 

 they will prove that simple and contagious, benign and malignant 

 pneumonias are all produced by the same microbe, the virulence of which 

 becomes diminished or exalted under the influence of ascertained or 

 occult conditions. But up to the present we have only vague guidance on 

 these points, and although from simple clinical signs it is sometimes 

 difficult, and even impossible to say to which variety a particular case 

 belongs, I risk the chance of criticism, and consider it better to study 

 the disease under the two forms of simple or sporadic, and contagious 

 pneumonia. Let us begin with the former. 



Acute Sporadic Pneumonia (also termed Fibrinous, or Croupous) is 



