H.'EMOGLOBINURIA (aZOTURIA) IN THE HORSE. 25 I 



Two hundred yards further on the horse fell down. Being imme- 

 diately taken out of harness it was able to rise. After a few minutes' 

 rest it was brought to the School, where it arrived bathed in sweat, 

 with an anxious appearance about the face, and the off hind limb par- 

 tially paralysed. It almost immediately passed a little thick, viscous, 

 coffee-coloured urine. Although the body and hind quarters were 

 smartly rubbed, paralysis of the hind limbs quickly increased. The 

 animal lay down, its respiration became rapid and tremulous, the pulse 

 accelerated and strong ; temperature 39*1" C. (i02'3" F.). Eight centi- 

 grammes of eserine sulphate were injected subcutaneously in the neck ; 

 the animal was warmly covered up, and given a lukewarm draught con- 

 taining bicarbonate of soda. During the evening it took some mash, 

 milk, and a little hay. It also received nearly gh ounces of bicarbonate 

 of soda. 



Next morning we found it in a fairly satisfactory state. There was 

 little excitement, and the face appeared more natural. The respira- 

 tions were from 16 to 20, the pulse 60 to 70 per minute, temperature 

 38'9° C. (102° F.). It was turned over twice during the day. As on 

 the previous day, it took a little hay, some milk, and mashes, to which 

 considerable quantities of bicarbonate of soda had been added. The 

 rectum was cleared out, and the urine drawn off. 



This treatment was continued for the next two days. The general 

 condition seemed to improve, but the animal was still unable to 

 stand. 



On visiting it on the morning of the fourth day it was found able 

 to stand, and was therefore kept up for a few minutes by passing 

 strong bars of wood under the chest, while the body and hind limbs 

 were rubbed. With assistance it was moved into a box and placed in 

 slings. 



Improvement followed rapidly, and in a few days the horse was able 

 to leave hospital completely recovered. From the symptoms and lesions 

 just described you will recognise a disease which was at first known 

 under the titles of enzootic paraplegia, congestion of the cord, then by 

 the names of hasmoglobinaemia, or hasmoglobinuria afrigore, the latter 

 distinctions being derived from human medicine, where they were 

 applied to a disease which had some characters in common with haemo- 

 globinuria of the horse. Kiissner called the disease paroxysmal haemo- 

 globinuria, and Mesnet haemoglobinuria a frigore. 



To-day I wish to go beyond a mere sketch of the clinical appear- 

 ances, and to speak more fully of this disease, which has recently been 

 the subject of interesting researches. 



For a long time the conditions in which haemoglobinuria usually 



