268 CLINICAL VETERINAKN MKDICINK AND SURGKKY. 



snappish, and although the history always fails to record the 

 fact, it may be that excitement and emotional disturbance play a 

 certain part in developing the disease. M. Gibier succeeded in pro- 

 ducing transitory glycosuria in a bitch by means of psychic excita- 

 tion. This bitch, which was four years old, and of a very affectionate, 

 nervous, and jealous disposition, lived free in the laboratory with other 

 animals of its own species. Its urine, examined for a period of several 

 days, gave no reaction. Shut up in a cage the bitch appeared greatly 

 ■excited. The urine retained its normal character for three daj's, but 

 on the fourth contained 5-55 grammes of sugar per litre. The glyco- 

 suria persisted during the entire period the animal was shut up, but 

 disappeared the day after she was set at liberty. Sex appears to have 

 no influence in the aetiology ; cases are as numerous in males as in 

 females. Among Eber's twelve patients were six dogs and six bitches. 



Diabetes in the dog at first develops insidiously, and for a consider- 

 able period may produce no marked disturbance. In a number of cases 

 it exists for months before attracting attention. As in our patient, the 

 disease is not remarked until the three principal symptoms, polyuria, 

 polydipsia (excessive thirst), and wasting, are all developed. 



Micturition is frequent and abundant. Certain patients pass one or 

 even two quarts of urine per day. Pet dogs which become diabetic 

 are greatly inconvenienced, and micturate on the carpets or cushions of 

 the rooms where they are confined. The urine is usually limpid, pale, 

 or light yellow, not infrequently albuminous, occasionally slightly 

 turbid, of an average specific gravity of I'ojo to i"040. It sometimes 

 contains as much as 10 per cent, of sugar. In a twelve-year-old bitch 

 seen by Penberthy the proportion was io"62 per cent. As soon as the 

 urine contains from 3 to 4 grammes of glucose per litre it acquires a 

 sweetish, sugary taste. 



Another important symptom is the insatiable thirst which troubles 

 the patients. As a consequence of the polyuria thirst is constant, 

 though more marked at certain times than at others, being especially 

 acute during the night. The mouth is dry, and the saliva tends to 

 become acid, so that the gums are often inflamed, and the buccal 

 cavity exhales a disagreeable smell. 



To the polyuria and polydipsia — the two principal symptoms of 

 diabetes— are added weakness and wasting, which usually become 

 rapidly aggravated. Without being absolutely constant, emaciation is 

 common, sometimes appears early, and is the more striking inas- 

 much as appetite is preserved, or may even be excessive. Of Eber's 

 twelve patients ten showed rapid wasting. Enlargement of the liver is 



