TUBERCULOSIS IN THE HORSE. 467 



form of larger or smaller " grapes." The peritoneum covering the 

 posterior surface of the diaphragm was covered with whitish tumours, 

 the largest the size of a hazel-nut, some isolated, others collected in 

 patches of varying extent and thickness ; all were dense, firm, and 

 without softened centres : though abundant at the limit between the 

 aponeurotic and muscular portions, they were rare on the muscular 

 part itself. Opposite the stomach was a patch measuring twelve inches 

 in length, six inches in breadth, and two to two and a quarter inches 

 in thickness. 



The spleen was double its normal size, and of a lilac tint ; its 

 surface was irregular. Its substance contained seven large, firm, 

 uniformly hard tumours, three the size of an orange, the others as large 

 as an egg, all of yellowish-white colour, and showing on section a few 

 calcified points. The base of the organ was infiltrated with granula- 

 tions. The splenic lymphatic glands were hypertrophied. The gastro- 

 splenic omentum was covered with tubercles containing caseous 

 centres. 



The liver was of enormous size, yellowish colour, and showed both 

 on its surface and on sections numerous tubercles, varying in dimen- 

 sions between a pin's head and a pea, all firm and without signs of 

 degeneration. 



The kidneys were unaffected. 



The mucous membrane of the large colon was healthy throughout 

 the greater part of its extent. Along the diaphragmatic curvature for 

 a length of twenty to twenty-four inches, and at a few other points 

 were numerous ulcerations, the majority as large as sixpence, sur- 

 rounded by reddish aureolas. In the small colon and small intestine 

 were several similar ulcerations. 



All the lymphatic glands in the abdominal cavity were enlarged ; 

 many showed softened caseous centres. The sublumbar lymphatic 

 glands were relatively little swollen, but appeared caseous on section. 



Thoracic Cavity : The lungs were enlarged, firm to the touch, and 

 packed with recent greyish non-caseous granulations. The pulmonary 

 tissue was unchanged except in the lower third of the lobes, which 

 exhibited a zone of hepatisation. The bronchi and trachea showed no 

 lesions. The bronchial glands were scarcely enlarged. 



Like the epiploon, the mediastinum was thickened and covered with 

 tubercles. The other portions of the pleura were little changed. 



Both layers of the pericardium were thickened and dotted over with 

 granulations. In the left heart the endocardium was whitish, thick- 

 ened, furrowed, and contracted. The mitral and aortic valves were 

 thickened and infiltrated. In the myocardium, below the anterior 

 sigmoid valve, was a tuberculous abscess as large as a nut. The aorta 

 and its branches showed, several atheromatous patches. On bacterio- 

 logical examination bacilli proved numerous in the caseous material 

 from the lymphatic glands and in the fluid obtained by scraping the 

 ulcerations, and fairly numerous in the pulmonary granulations, but 

 rare in the endocardium. They were also discovered in the fasces. 



With an emulsion prepared by crushing in sterilised water a frag- 

 ment of the sublumbar lymphatic gland and a small tuberculous centre 



