576 CLINICAL VETERINARY MEDICINE AND SURGERY. 



domestic animals ; Bollinger's experiments remove all doubt on that 

 point. Wesemer, who summarised all experiments made between 

 1865 and 1884 regarding this question, found that in the goat, as in 

 the calf and sheep, the results were positive in about 50 per cent, of 

 cases. 



Among more recent work may be cited an interesting experi- 

 ment by M. Nocard. On November 3rd, 1885, a goat was inoculated 

 by injecting a certain quantity of tubercle culture into the jugular 

 vein. The animal was killed in 1890. Its lung was riddled with 

 cavernous spaces, and caseous or encysted nodules in which bacterio- 

 logical examination revealed tubercle bacilli. This case is all the 

 more remarkable inasmuch as the organism used was probably that 

 of avian tuberculosis, the only one then cultivated in France. 



M. Nocard supposed that tuberculosis had only developed because 

 the goat employed had become affected with mange, which had 

 enfeebled its general health ; and he states that as a rule the goat 

 " is almost absolutely refractory to tuberculosis, or at least is inocu- 

 lated with difficulty." M. Colin again took up the question. He 

 subcutaneously inoculated a goat with bovine tuberculosis. The 

 animal was killed at the end of two months. Characteristic lesions 

 were found at the point of inoculation, in the lymphatic glands of the 

 corresponding side, and in the lungs. With this result before him 

 M. Colin had no hesitation in declaring that the goat is not refrac- 

 tory to tuberculosis. This is also the opinion of M. Galtier, who, 

 whilst freely admitting the rarity of spontaneous tuberculosis, recognises 

 that the disease ma}' be experimentally transmitted. 



Such a collection of facts appears convincing. Undoubtedly the 

 objection may be made that in the old experiments tuberculosis was 

 not produced, but the objection is not of much value, for the lesions 

 noted were as t3'pical as those of the ox : and in more recent re- 

 searches the detection of the tubercle bacillus entirely removed this 

 objection. 



As some authors continue to maintain that goats are refractory to 

 tuberculosis we may here briefly give the results of three fresh experi- 

 ments. 



On the 28th January, 1892, two goats were inoculated by intra- 

 peritoneal injection with tuberculous material from a dog. They were 

 killed on the 8th May. In the first tubercles were found on the 

 peritoneum, in the mesenteric glands, lungs, and mediastinal glands, 

 and some granulations in the liver and kidneys. In the second 

 tubercles were also found on the peritoneum, and in the lungs and 

 liver, while the chest contained a slight amount of exudate. 



