136 



thus treating both insects and fungi at the same time. Re- 

 peating this treatment about the twentieth to the twenty- 

 fifth of June is also of much assistance, and should not be 

 omitted. 



In this way most of the caterpillars entering the fruit 

 through the blossom end can be destroyed. But about 25 

 j)er cent ejiter elsewhere, and for these other methods must 

 be employed. 



As a large number of the small apples which fall are in- 

 fested, and once on the ground will soon be left by the cater- 

 pillars, it is important that these apples be picked up and 

 destroyed, either by hand or by letting fowls or hogs run 

 freely under the trees. For those caterpillars which leave 

 the fruit before it falls it is well to scrape the trunks and 

 large limbs of the trees about the middle of June, to remove 

 all loose bark beneath which they might pupate, and tie a 

 strip of burlap around the trunk. Beneath this strip the 

 caterpillars will gather, and a weekly visit and the destruc- 

 tion of the caterpillars there, while not saving the fruit they 

 fed on, will at least reduce the number of these insects, and 

 be of .value as a protection against later broods. 



Spraying twice, burlapping and destroying early falling 

 fruit are the protective measures to be adopted for this pest. 

 Kecent experiments in New Hampshire show an average 

 profit per tree sprayed, over one not sprayed, of $1.25, while 

 it cost less than 25 cents to spray a tree four times ; and after 

 deducting one tree's share of one-fifth of the cost of the ap- 

 paratus used on a hundred trees, the net profit of a sprayed 

 tree over one not sprayed was about 80 per cent. 



These results have been tested in all parts of the country, 

 and are but little better than the average ; and if this be so, 

 the question is no longer, " Can I afford to spray ? " but 

 " Can I afford not to spray ? " 



