144 



the attacks of the bud moth have caused the blighting of the 

 blossoms. 



To destroy the codling moth, we should spray at such a 

 time that the first meal of the tiny caterpillar shall be a poi- 

 soned one. Similarly, to destroy the bud moth the spray 

 should be applied to the leaf and flower buds shortly before 

 they open ; and as this is also a proper time to spray for 

 certain of the fungous diseases, besides aiding somewhat in 

 the control of the jDlum curculio, which is now paying alto- 

 gether too much attention to the apples, a spray of Bordeaux 

 mixture and arsenate of lead, applied to the trees as soon as 

 the buds are beginning to open well, is necessary. Later in 

 the season the habits of the bud moth caterpillar are such 

 as to make it almost impossible to reach them, and this early 

 spraying is our only method of control which is of much 

 value. 



Canker Worm. 

 Whether the Prophet Joel, when he wrote, " That which 

 the palmer-worm hath left, hath the locust eaten; and that 

 which the locust hath left, hath the canker worm eaten ; and 

 that which the canker worm hath left, hath the caterpillar 

 eaten," referred to the canker worm of modern times, is un- 

 known ; but there are many who can testify that at times the 

 canker worm has left nothing for the caterpillar to take. For- 

 tunately, the canker worms are rarely of much importance in 



orchards which are care- 

 fully watched, and even 

 when abundant they can 

 easily be held in check, be- 

 cause of certain peculiari- 

 ties of their life and 

 habits. 



Both the fall and the 

 spring canker worm are 

 found in Massachusetts, 

 the former being probably the more common, at least in the 

 eastern part of the State. The caterpillar in both species is 



Fall canker worm: a, side view of single egg; 

 6, top view of same; e, egg mass, natural 

 size; /, full-grown caterpillar; c, d, g, h, 

 structural detaUs. 



