146 



of both kinds will hatch at about the same time, however, 

 and their feeding will also be completed at about the same 



period; but, while the 

 spring canker worm will 

 then remain in the 

 ground till the following 

 spring, the fall canker 



Springcanker worm: a, male moth; 6, female WOmi will Spend but a 

 moth: c.rf.e. structural details. f^^ mOUths there, tllC 



winter being passed in the egg on the twigs. 



From the above it is evident that any treatment which will 

 prevent the wingless female from ascending the tree to lay 

 her eggs will be successful, and for this purpose sticky bands 

 and metal deflectors are much used. It is essential that no 

 space should be left through which the insect may crawl 

 above the protector, and the bands must not be allowed to 

 dry. For this last reason tar and printer's ink, which were 

 formerly much used, are now being abandoned in favor of 

 tree tanglefoot, while the metal deflectors, which are hard to 

 fit closely to irregular trunks and frequently get out of order, 

 besides being quite expensive, are also disappearing. 



The time at which the band should be applied depends 

 upon the species of canker worm for which it is used. As 

 the fall canker worm moth crawls up the trees in October 

 and lv[ovember, the bands should be put on about the first of 

 October and be kept sticky till about Thanksgiving time. 

 For the spring canker worm they should be applied about 

 the first of March and 1)0 kept in eft'ective condition till the 

 end of April. 



In case the fruit grower is unaware of the presence of 

 these insects until they have begun their feeding on the 

 leaves, spraying with arsenate of lead will quickly check 

 their ravages ; and, as the spraying for the codling moth will 

 have been recently made, both insects will be reached by the 

 snme application. 



