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Miscible Oils. — Many orchardists are now using mis- 

 cible oils — often wrongly called soluble oils — instead of 

 the lime-sulphur wash. A satisfactory miscible oil can be 

 made by the person desiring to use it, but the trouble and 

 time necessary are so great that this is not often done, and 

 the oil is generally purchased, ready for use on dilution with 

 water. 



A number of different miscible oils are now on the mar- 

 ket, and most of them can be expected to give very good 

 results when not too much diluted and when thoroughly 

 applied. Where the scale is abundant the dilution should 

 not be more than one part of oil to fourteen parts of water, 

 though in order to reduce the cost, directions accompanying 

 these materials often direct that one part of oil be mixed 

 with twenty of water. This generally makes the spray too 

 weak to be sufficiently effective. 



General Spraying Directions. 



In spraying for scale insects thorough work is necessary if 

 satisfactory results are expected. Only those scales actually 

 reached by the spray will be killed, and a very few left on a 

 tree will be sufficient to heavily restock it by the following 

 fall. Formerly a very fine misty spray was considered the 

 best for the work, less of the material being wasted. At the 

 present time the tendency is to use a coarser nozzle, thus 

 making it possible to drive the spray with more force, and 

 also to cover the trees more rapidly with the same thorough- 

 ness as that given by the other nozzle. By spraying in this 

 way the loss of material is more than made up by the saving 

 of time and of wages to the men doing the work. 



Spraying for the San Jose scale should be done during the 

 winter months, while the trees are leafless and dormant. It 

 should not be done after the buds have opened in the spring 

 sufficiently to show a green color (or white, in the case of 

 the blossom buds), as the spray is so strong that injury may 

 then result. 



Many orchardists are now spraying one winter with the 

 lime-sulphur wash and the following winter with one of the 



