180 



gallons. Spray thoroughly about the first of June, accord- 

 ing to whether the season is early or late, and repeat in from 

 ten days to two weeks. This second application will be 

 likely to reach some which were missed the first time, and 

 also any which had not hatched when the first treatment 

 was given. 



Kerosene Emulsion. — Hard soap shaved fine, l/^ pound ; 

 water, 1 gallon ; kerosene, 2 gallons. Dissolve the soap in 

 boiling water, then remove from the fire and pour it into 

 the kerosene and churn with a spray pump, turning the 

 nozzle back into the mixture; continue this till the mixture 

 changes first to a creamy, then to a soft, butter-like mass. 

 This will keep for some time. Use 1 part of this mixed with 

 9 parts of water to spray. If the water used is hard, the 



emulsion may not 

 form unless borax or 

 soda be added to make 

 / "^^^1 \ t^ri! /^ the water soft. 



The Scurfy Scale. 

 This scale, which is 

 also very common on 

 apple and pear trees, 

 is about as long as the 

 oyster-shell scale, but 

 is broader, rather 

 pear-shaped, and white 

 or grayish-white in 

 color. Its life history 

 is about the same as 

 that of the oyster-shell scale, but the eggs are purple, as are 

 also the crawling young. The treatment is the same as for 

 the oyster-shell scale, and should be applied at the same 

 time. 



Scurfy scale: a, female, 5, male scales, natural size, 

 on twigs; c, female scale, much enlarged; d, 

 male scale, much enlarged. (Howard, United 

 States Department Agriculture, Yearbook, 

 1894.) 



