194 



brown areas may be seen extending quite deeply into the tis- 

 sue, which give it a bitter taste. 



The cause of this spot is not known. Some years ago w^e 

 tried to associate it with meteorological conditions, and in- 

 terviewed many fruit growers in regard to its appearance in 

 different seasons, but we were unable to establish any definite 

 relationship, although the spot seemed to be more common 

 after extremely dry periods. The disease is apparently of 

 a functional nature, since spraying has no effect on it. 



Baldwin Fkuit Spot (Cylindrosporium Pomi Brooks). 



This disease (Fig. 9) is characterized by spots very similar 

 in many ways to those caused by the Baldwin spot or fruit 

 pit, and has only been obsei*ved on apples in this State for 

 three or four years. Only recently an experienced fruit 

 grower, in describing this spot before a number of orchard 

 specialists, found none of his audience familiar with it. 



The spots are larger and more distinct, and the indentation 

 is usually lacking, so that as a rule there is little excuse for 

 confusing it with the old Baldwin spot. It attacks several 

 varieties of apples, differing in this respect from the Baldwin 

 spot previously noted. This disease is caused by a fungus 

 {Cylindrosporium Pomi Brooks) and is much more severe 

 here than the Baldwin spot, but like this it extends below the 

 surface and turns the tissue a reddish brown. According to 

 Dr. Brooks of the ITew Hampshire station, who has given it 

 much attention, it first appears about the middle of August. 

 The spots develop about two weeks before harvesting, during 

 periods of dampness. The fungus gains entrance to the fruit 

 in July or early August, and is said to be controlled by 

 spraying with Bordeaux mixture, applications being made in 

 June or early in July. From the general appearance of this 

 spot one might surmise that it was the old Baldwin spot at- 

 tacked by a fungus which has modified its appearance some- 

 what, although it occurs, as has been said, on a much larger 

 number of varieties. 



An inspection for the last three years of some of the best 

 orchards in the State has revealed only a few affected apples 



