no STATE POMOLOGICAL SOCIETY. 



last thing. One year I left them on until the frost had taken the 

 leaves all off the trees. Not a leaf on the tree but the tree filled 

 with the prettiest apples you ever saw, 



O. How did those that you left on so long keep? 



A. The best of any I ever had. I kept them until along in 

 April and they were just as bright as could be. 



Q. Had it been cold enough to freeze those Northern Spies 

 on your trees? 



A. No, sir. 



Q. Do you think it hurts an apple to freeze solid? 



A. Yes. An apple may freeze so you will think it is ruined 

 but if they are let alone the frost won't hurt them. 



O. You spoke, Mr. Whittier, regarding the disposition of 

 your No. 2 apples which you can or evaporate. We small 

 growers cannot go to the expense of doing that. 



Mr. Whittier — It costs a good deal to fit up to evaporate in 

 good shape; but to can it costs but very little. If a person has 

 fifty or a hundred barrels he could do it at very little cost. In 

 fitting up to can you can fit up on a small scale very easily. I 

 have known some in our neighborhood to have a common barrel 

 boiler set and get a cover for that and something to raise and 

 lower the apples into it and use that for cooking their apples. 



Mr. Fairbanks — Did they put them up in tin cans? 



A. Yes, in gallon cans. The expense is very small aside 

 from the cans. 



Q. How many pounds will they make to the barrel? 



A. Pretty good russets will make twenty pounds to the bar- 

 rel. Of course a good many apples would go in that you 

 wouldn't think of putting in as second quality and they would 

 make about sixteen pounds to the barrel ; Baldwins will dry out 

 more than Greenings and Greenings more than some soft fall 

 fruit. 



O. What proportion of your fruit do you evaporate and can? 



A. About one-half this year and I had nice apples too. Some 

 years I evaporate and can two-thirds of them. 



O. You evaporate all your apples except those that are 

 strictly fancy? 



A, In a scarce year I would make three qualities of them 

 and make a good second quality and send them to market as 

 No. 2. 



