NINETEENTH ANNUAL MEETING. 



47 



unless we use very great care, we are very apt to get rusted 

 fruit. A good many growers have found a great deal of 

 fault with the use of Bordeaux mixture on account of that 

 trouble, which results from its use. In our own case we 

 had a very bad case of the mixture rusting Greenings and 

 Baldwins, and we cannot afford to have that. The Greenings 

 in many cases completely cracked open, the Baldwins were 

 also badly rusted. Xow the problem is to find out how to 

 use the mixture so as to avoid that trouble. To my mind, the 

 Bordeaux mixture has some points of advantage over other 

 spraying materials. We have been experimenting with the 

 lime and sulphur solution. We have also been experimenting 

 with "sulfocide," and they have given us some promising re- 

 sults. It seems to be a pretty risky proposition to go on 

 using the Bordeaux mixture, and it has caused some of us, 

 and I guess a good many of us, to wonder if we could not 

 give the trees a treatment with the lime and sulphur mixture, 

 and then depend on the arsenate of lead alone for summer 

 spraying. That has occurred to me. You have got to have 

 some summer fungicide. We will probably learn to-morrow 

 morning a great deal more about that. I would say that we 

 have tried it on quite a number of varieties, both the "sulfo- 

 cide" and the lime and sulphur, and I think we may assume 

 that the sulphur is going to be used more and more as a sum- 

 mer fungicide rather than the copper sulphate. The Bor- 

 deaux is fine for the foliage, and for controlling ordinary 

 fungus troubles, but, as I have said, is rather dangerous to 

 use because of the fact that it rusts the fruits. 



Cultivation. 



As a general rule I believe in cultivating an orchard. 

 Nine people out of ten cultivate too little rather than too 

 much. That is cultivation would be my rule, leaving in sod 

 an exceptional practice. Start to cultivate early, and leave off 

 early, say June 1st to 15th. Sow clover for cover crop. I 

 am aware it is a little harder to get a good colored product 



