sis in recent years. From 1953 to 1960, 97 

 State and Federal employees attended 3-day 

 scabies trainintr sessions. The courses were de- 

 signed to give practical instruction in diagnosis 

 and in the principles of eradication. 



1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 



FISCAL TEAR 



Sheep scab regulations 



In March 1960, psoroptic sheep scab was 

 again reported in New Mexico. And during 

 the year, 214 scab-infected lots were found at 

 public stockyards. 



The movement of scabby sheep from mid- 

 west farm States has become an increasing 

 problem. The range States, considered free 



Psoropfic Sheep Scabies 



INFECTED LOTS AT PUBLIC STOCKYARDS 



1954 1955 1956 1957 1958 1959 1960 



FISCAL YEAR 



of .scabies, face the constant threat that the 

 disease will be introduced from Midwestern 

 and Eastern States where scabies has not been 

 attacked so vigorously. 



In general, the disease now is confined to an 

 area bounded on the west and south by the 

 States of North Dakota, Ea.stern South Dakota, 

 Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Ten- 

 nessee, and Virginia. In recognition of this 

 situation, and in an attempt to give impetus to 

 scabies eradication, part 74, title 9, Code of 

 Federal Regulations was amended June 17, 

 1960, to be effective August 1. The amended 

 regulation designates free and infected areas 

 and provides for the designation of eradication 

 areas when State and Federal officials mutually 

 agree to a program. Eastern South Dakota 

 was the first to be so designated. 



The regulation provides for the official in- 

 spection and dipping of infected and expo.sed 

 sheep prior to interstate movement. The regu- 

 lation also requires inspection and dipping of 

 all sheep from an infected area that are moved 

 to free or eradication areas, except those moved 

 to recognized stockyards and slaughtering es- 

 tablishments. Sheep from a free ai'ea may be 

 moved without restriction. The movement of 

 clean sheep between States in an infected area 

 is not controlled by the regulations. Thus, the 

 free area is better protected and incentive is 

 provided to States in the infected area to in- 

 itiate programs that will give them increased 

 protection as eradication areas and eventually 

 all the benefits of scabies-free status. 



Mange mistaken for scabies 



Cattle mange is frequently diagnosed in the 

 field as psoroptic scabies and similarly, psorop- 

 tic scabies is, on occasion, initially reported as 

 mange. Programs in the Western States have 

 effectively attacked chorioptic and sarcoptic 

 mange. The disease is reported when found at 

 stockyards and livestock shows, traced to ori- 

 gin, and energetically combatted. 



Chorioptic mange was diagnosed in 60 lots 

 of cattle at the International Livestock Exposi- 

 tion held in Chicago, 111., in November 1959. 

 They had been shipped to the show from Illi- 

 nois, Iowa, Michigan, New York, Ohio, Texas, 

 and Wisconsin. At the American Royal Live- 

 stock Show held in Kansas City, Mo., in Octo- 

 ber 1959, chorioptic mange was diagnosed in 

 three lots of cattle that originated in or were 

 shipped to the show from Illinois and Iowa. 



