412 



NATURE 



[Ma> 



bill 111 llii- I i. ! 1' :'.:i us siiiiiiKin 1! I ;i.;iii' - .i^ .i 



dislinclix I- iniiPi.il i.| ilic dPcpCst /<iiu-, .iml (A.initf 

 ;m(l sl.iiirolilr d iIk iniddlf /one. \\i- .ur led to 

 >tis|icii ih.it ill'- iiitliiir li.'is (i\<>i r.iirci t!i<- iiinuence 

 of |M'c-~^iin iiir in in. I.mu u |)Iiivm, Such ex- 



pcr iin.nl.ii ^ ur jm-^srs-, -n Id vlioA- tliat even 



V<T\ lii^h |Ji( -.^iiirs iii.u no! (Iis|il.iif ^n.illv the 

 t'li'i" ' '! ! I ' -lii'ii -^ 'il stabiliiy ul llu: itxk- forming 



\i'ii; i-i- !n 11 ronsidrrntiniT;, mnro or losi; 

 llicdi ciic.il. ilic w 1 .1 Ic i-, :i mini- of \;ilu.ililc infoi'iii;i- 



tiOn. Tin- cl.l-^irir.lt'Kill .11 Icisl s(I\(-^ il^ JJUIpOsC 



as a sliiiui.iril ol coinii.irison, .ind lh<- -.s sicinatic 

 tri'.-itmrnl ul ihr sUnrluii- ..t ci \ -lalliiic s(hi-,N will 

 l)v fsjiiiially usrful. A. 11. 



/■/. I VV \.\Vl-: OF M Ih'YI l.\7). 

 MiirvLiiul II <■,(//(, r s,/;;, ,-. |^ V , Shrrvc, M. A. 



<'ln\-l.r, !•■. H. l?K„l^cit, and V . W . \U^h\. 



\'ol. iii., '111.- ri.mi Life of M.iivl.ind. I'p. 5 ;'^. 



(liallimorc. I'.S. A. : Johns Hoiilcins IVt-s, i,,i,,.) 

 ' I ^' "■- \\<'.illii'r s,T\'uT (if thr AuKTicaii Stair of 

 J- M.ir\l.iiul. ni.i'mi.iiiicd by the Johns Hopkins 

 L'niv.isiiv. M.irvl. 111,1 Agricultural Coll.-i^r, and the 

 United Si.iti s Wc.iihtr Bureau, receives a broad in- 

 teriirfi.ition. The liisi \,ikiine of the series dealt with 

 the physiiiMT.ipliy ,in,l nu-i,i>ro]<ii;v of th(^ Slate, the 

 second pr.'scnicd ilir results ,,| ni.mv years' study of 

 the climate .and we.allier ..f i>ahiniore and vicinitv, 

 while the third is ronneried with tlie tormer in so 

 far .is \, ^et.ition is dependent upon physiography and 

 clini.itic ronditions. The main purpose of the pre- 

 sent volume is to present an ecological description of 

 the vegetation, which is demarcated into three zones. 

 The coastal zone spreads inland as far as the " fall- 

 line"; thence to a contour line of 1500 feet extends 

 what is desif^rnated as the " midland " zone, and a 

 mountain zone comprises Land .above tli.at altitude. 

 The term, "fall-line," it may be noted, is nowhere 

 explained; reference to aq^other source shows that at 

 the junction of the Cretaceous or Cenozoic with older 

 formations the rivers have falls or rapids. 



The division into these three zones is suggested 

 by the occurrence in the central counties of many 

 species hnvini^ a w ide range, coupled with the appear- 

 ance of .1 idiispicuous southern floral element in the 

 coastal zone, and an appreciable admixture of northern 

 elements in the mountain zone; these facts throw 

 some light upon the historical sequence of events. 

 As for the details, these are well elaborated, and due 

 consideration is given to the limits imposed In s,,il 

 constitution, both physical and chemical, .and bv topo- 

 graphy. Climatic conditions are extremelv favour- 

 able to tree growth, so that forests .are important 

 in each of the /ones. Oritiin.ally extensive forests of 

 white pine and pitch pine t xi-ied in the western part 

 of the State, but now tlie white pine is limited to 

 isolated specimens. The converse process is seen in 

 southern Maryland, where scrub pine spreads over 



NO. 2i6q. vol. 86] 



il-.. the scrixnlin- 

 ill the inidland / 

 (■om|)lele, s<-(ii(,r|v 

 forestry 1 

 geogrni)lr 



Sla. i> illustrate' 



niiiiii ■ i.hoto^'raph- 



Ih.il would Im .IuI if the scale 



'I '•- v..i.'^. . .-;■ .i.i. -,, Dr. Shi.,. 



with the bt 



he Civil -, a firtl^* 



■^ '■"■• ik, and^ 



variouc 



.ire iineresting. 



juehanna gravi !s 



he survey more 



agricultural and 



of the floristic 



'.plied bv Dr. F. 



;,!e 



OUh' I'.OOK >lll:l.l- 



rsenobenzol) : its 



W . 11. 



(!.< 



.M.ariind.iie 

 indon : 11. 



ipfUttCS. 



Hid \\ . \\ . W.stcott. 



K. l.ew i-, loll.) Trie 



In 



ihi^ 

 » ssenlia 

 lication- 



h'hrlich-Ilat.a r< 

 ihe liade nam< 



iltle bo.,U. li 

 ill loini.ai ion o 

 thai have .ap 



edv 



.;iv( n 

 .-di;.. 



e .uithors >uniiii. 

 'iiLiiiied in the nuinvi 

 |ie,ued Up to date 

 (ir svpliilis. ■■ Salvarsan " is 

 lo the compound — which is 

 I ill,,- ., vi-nobenzol- syntheviscd 

 , and first introduced 

 IChriich has for some 

 iieci- of various anilin 

 I -• nic on trypanosomes 

 in quick succession 

 ■ dive remedies, such 



chemicallv tlio 



1)\' I'.hilich .and hi-, ei,! 



under the {lesien.iiion 



time past been studxing ill 



dyes and oif^.anic rom|)ouncl- 



and other jn (iii>/o.in 1 



he broui^hl out more ,n 



as tryp.in nd I, >r bovine piroplasmosis (Texas fever), 



at(>x\l ,111(1 ai senophenylglycine for trypanosomiasis of 



m,an .mil .tnini.ils, ,and. tinrdly, ""(lob" for spirilloses, 



diseases c.iu^, tl by --pirill.ar micro-organism«, > ii'h 



as rel.apsinij; |i\i r .md s\'philis. 



S. Il.at.a, ol ■r,,kio. c.nihu ■ ;'h 



" (>o(i " on the s[iir,K-h;etes of relapsing teXer in rats 

 and miia', and sulis( qu( ntl\ on the spirillosis of fowls. 

 The drug was found lo be extr.uu dinarilv eflficarious, 

 and it was an obvious furtlvr -\t]> to try it on 

 syphilis, another sfiiroch.xfe disease, with correspond- 

 intiU- succes~,ful re-ults. Mercurx' h.as been used for 

 cenlurii s .as .1 rr-medv. the one remedy, for syphilis, 

 but a prop,r couis,' of treatment with it extends over 

 monihs, and it is impossible to m.ake many patients 

 realise the nece-^sitv for ibis, .and hence the disease 

 relapses, wiili, in manv inst.ance^, dire results. With 

 salvarsan, how,\er. it is cliimed th.at a single dose 

 will in man\' instances t'tfect a cure, an enormm:- 

 advant.iL;e. 



There c.in be little doubt that in snlvnrs.an w 

 a most iioleiit remedy for the cure of svphilis, though 

 whether it will do .all th.at has been claimed for it time 

 alone can show. Tn f,Mt unately the drug is toxic, 

 and require^ lo be .adminisien^d in a special manner; 

 it is not altoL^elher free from d.mi^er in particular 

 c.a-e^. .111(1 is c(")ntra-indic.ated in -ome (,f the worst 

 forms of svphilis, c.e.. when the ii, > - . , 



involv, (1. Ill the liook under revi, 

 t^ix'e comiTJeK' directions for the prep.iration and aJ- 

 ministr.ation of the drug, and (Epitomise the pre- 

 cautions to be t.aUen .and the contra-indications for 

 its use, and it should prove a verv useful guide for 

 the practitioner. Summaries of some of the principal 

 contributions on the remedy are included, and a full 

 bibliography is appended. R. T. H. 



