6io 



NATURE 



[June 29, 191 1 



is thfi jjencric name for a number of Indian tribes of a 

 gypsy character, from Sanskrit kdnana chard, in the sense 

 of a wanderer in the jungle. IJke the gypsies of Fiurope, 

 the Kanjar and other • wandering tribes of known preda- 

 tory habits have a secret language or cant of their own. 

 The collection given appears to be chiefly based on Hindi, 

 with certain inflections which are attached to the verbal 

 root implying that there is consistence and character in 

 the cant, and perhaps that some of the inflections are from 

 an old form of language now obsolete in modern colloquial 

 Hindustani. Many of the words, however, seem to hav^e 

 no connection with known languages spoken or written in 

 India, nor with any of the various slang or secret codes of 

 other recognised wandering tribes of Dravidian origin. 

 The .\rgot of European gypsies known as Romanes or 

 Romni similarly has numerous words identical with 

 modern Hindustani, while its Oriental, if not Indian, 

 origin is generally accepted. The Romanes word for dog 

 is Jookel or Jukal, while the Kanjar word is Jhukal. 

 There are other resemblances and exactly identical words 

 apparently common only to Romanes and Kanjar cant. 

 A bibliography of references to the Kanjar and allied tribes 

 is appended, with a list of various secret codes and slang 

 languages, and also gypsy vocabularies. — Lieut. -Colonol 

 D. C. Philiott : Some notes on Urdu grammar. 



FORTHCOMING CONGRESSES. 



JUNii a', zg. — Conference on Education and Training of Engineers. 

 London. President : Mr. Alexander Siemen«, President of the Institution 

 of Civil Engineers. General Secretary: Dr. J. H. T. Tudsberj'. 



July 18-22. — International Association of Seismology. Manchester. 

 President: Prof. Arthur Schuster, F.R.S. 



Jui.v as-28. — British Medical Association. Birmingham. President : 

 Sir H. T. Butlin, Bart. 



July 26-29. — First Universal Races Congress. University of London. 

 President: Lord Weardale. General Secretary : G. Spiller, 63 South Hill 

 Park, Hampstead, London. 



JuLV 29-Aur,usT 5. — Congress of French Gtographical Societits. 

 Houbaix. President : Prince Roland Bonaparte. 



July 3o-Ai;gust 2. — Annual Meetine of the Swiss Society of Katural 

 Sciences. Soleure. President : Dr. A. Pfaehler. Inquiries to Secretaries : 

 Dr. Kiing (German) and Prof. Bronnimann (French). 



Jlly 31-AuGUST 5.— French Association for the Advancement of Science. 

 Dijon. President : M. Charles Lallemand. Secretary : Dr. Desgrez, 

 ^8 Rue Serpente, Paris. 



August.— Centenary of the Foundation of the University of Breslau. 



Ai'GUST 12-18. — First International Congress o Pedology. Brussels. 

 President : M. Alexis Sluys. Secretary : M. Vital Plas, 35 Avenue Paul 

 de Jaer, Brussels. 



August 13-20. — Prehistoric Society of France. Nimes. 



August 3i-September 6. — British Association. Portsmouth. Presi- 

 dent: Sir William Ramsay, K.C.B., F.R.S. Address for inquiries: 

 Ceneral Secretaries, Burlington House, W. 



September 4-6. — Centenary of the University of Christiania. President 

 of Festival Committee : Prof. Brogger. 



Skhtemher 9-20. — International Congress of the Applications of Elec- 

 tricity. Turin. President of the Committee of Honour: H.R.H. the 

 Duke of the Abruzzi. Honorary Secretary of the Committee : Sigror 

 Guido Semenza, Via S. Paolo 10, Milano International Secretary: Col. 

 R. E. Crompton, C.B., R.E., Crompton Laboratory, Kensington Court, W. 



September 24-30.— International Congress on Tuberculosis. Rome. 

 Address for inquiries : Honorary Secretary ol the National Association for 

 the Prevention of Consumption, 20 Hanover Square, W. 



October 2-7. — Third International Congress of Hygiene. Dresden. 

 General Secretary : Dr. Hopf, Reichsstrasse 4, Dresden. 



October 15-22. — Tenth International Geographical Consre^s. Rome. 

 President : Marquis Raffaete Cappelli. General Si-crctary : Commander 

 Giovanni Roncagli, Italian Geographical Society, Rome. 



December 27.— American Association for the Advancement of Science. 

 President : Dr. C. E. Bessey, University of Nebraska. Permanent Secre- 

 tary : Dr. L. O. Howard, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 



DIARY OP SOCIETIES. 



THURSDAY, June 29. 

 RovAL Society, at 4.30.- On a New Method of Estimating the Aperture 

 of Stomala : Francis Darwin, F.R.S., and Miss D F. M. Pertz.-Memoir 

 on the Theory of the Paniiions of Number*. Part VI. Partitions in 

 Two-dimensional Space, to which is added an Adumbration of the Theory 

 L- i c ^^~""°"* in Three-dimensional Space: Major P. A. MacMahon, 

 h.K S.— The Kinetic Theory of a Gas constituted of Spherically Sym- 



i 



NO. 2174, VOL. 86] 



metrical Molecules: S. Chapman.— Radiation in Explovionx of Coal 

 and Air : W. T. David.— The Mechanical Vi«co!.ity of Fluids : Dr. T 

 Stanton.— A Silica StandarJ of Lrnuth : Dr. G. W. C. Kaye.— ' 

 Properties of Oil Emulsions: R. Ellis.— (1) On a Class of I'aramet 

 Integrals and their Appli< :aiir>n in the Theory of Fourier Series ; (2) Oi 

 Mode of Generating Fourier Series: Dr. W. H. Young, F. K.S 

 Pendulum Clocks and their Errors : A. Mallock, F.R.S.— On Cer.i ; i., 

 the Type of a New Family of Akyonaria : Prof. S. I. Hickion, 1 . 1 ^ 

 Note on the Sensibility of the Eye to Variations of Wave Length i 

 W. Wnlson, K.R..S.— And other Papers. 



FRIDAY, June 30. 



Physical Society, at 5.— On the Effect of a Narrow Saw<ut in the Ed. 

 of a Conducting Strip on the .Stream Lines in the Strip and on t 

 Resistance of the Strip: Prof. C. H. Lees, F.R.S.— The Capacity ( 

 efficients of Spherical Elfctrodes: Dr. A. Russell.— Exhibition of t 

 Benk(j Primary Battery : W. R. Cooper. 



MONDAY, July 3. 



Aristotelian Society, at 8.— Emotional Experiences of tome Higl 



Mystics : Rev. A. Caldecotl. 

 Royal Geographical Society, at P. 30.— Explorations in Dutch Ne- 



Guinea: Capt. C. G. Rawing, CLE. 



CONTENTS. PAr, 



Dynamical Meteorology and Hydrography. By E. 



Gold 277 



The Jews. By Dr. A. C. Haddon, F.R.S 578 



Alcoholic Fermentation. By J. T. H 579 



A Critic in Geology. By G. A. J. C 580 



Lead Smelting 581 



The Trisection of an Angle. By G. B. M 5S1 



Lilienthal's Work on Aviation. By A. Mallock, 



F.R.S 5SJ 



Our Book Shelf 582 



Letters to the Editor: — 



Ntw Use for Eucalyptus. — Rich. T. Baker .... 584 

 The Date of the Discovery of the Capillaries. — Dr. 



D. Fraser Harris 5S4 



The Osmotic Pressure of Colloidal Salts. — W. B. 



Hardy, F.R.S 5S4 



The Fox and the Fleas. — Heber Green 5S5 



Chemistry at the Forthcoming Meeting of the British 



Association. — Prof. James Walker, F.R.S. . . 585 



Breath Figures.— J. W. Giltay 585 



The Scottish Survey Memoirs. (Illnslraied.) By 



J. W. G 586 



Physiological Applications of Radiography .... 588 



bir Rubert Boyce, F.R.S. By J. W. W. S. ... 589 



Science and Coronation Honours 589 



Notes 590 



Our Astronomical Column : — 



Astronomical Occurrences for July 595 



Rediscovery of Wolf's Comet 595 



Mars 595 



The Problem of the Solar Motion 595 



The Forms of Spiral Nebukie 595 



The Spectroscopic Binary o Persei 595 



The Coal-dust Question in the United States and 



in Austria. By Piof. W. Galloway 595 



Entomological Papers. By R. L 598 



The Rothamsted Experiment Station 599 



Radio-telegraphy. {Illustrated.) By Commendatore 



G. Marconi 6co 



The Proposed Teachers' Registration Council . 605 



University and Educational Intelligence 606 



Societies and Academies 606 



Forthcoming Congresses 610 



Diary of Societies 6iO 



