Sec. 28.] 



TllK DAIRY. 



455 



ously short ti-ne— say tliroo niimite.s for an ordinary cow ; milking entirely 

 clean, without injury and to her advanta-c, as it is henclicial to have the 

 ■n-ork done quickly, and the machine is intended to do it quicker than it is 

 possible hy hand. It is said also that cows gently stand this nuichinc milk- 

 ing; the contrivance is ingenious, and will work. Its |)ractical utilit7 we 

 can not vouch for. 



oU. How lo Make fows Rive Down.— We have often heard that one man 

 could lead^ a horse tu water, but two could not make him drink. The great 

 mistake of most people in the management of hoi-ses, cowb, and even men, 

 is trying to make them do tilings by force instead of milder means. The 

 best way to make a cow give down is to coax lier. I'atience and perse- 

 verance will generally overcome the difficulty and effect a cure. AVo liavo 

 seen cows that had been trained to being fed when milked until thev would 

 only give down when bribed to do so. Strapping u]) the fore leg of a cow 

 with a strap slipped over the bent knee so that she can not walk until 

 milked, will sometimes euro her refractory disjiosition. If a cow will not 

 give down by gentle means, it is of no use to try to make her do it. 



51.5. illilk Farms— Froduft, Trice, I'rofll.- Milk for fltics— ( on(lcii>r{1 Milk. 

 — The entire business of many farmers, near cities, is i)n)ducing milk for sale. 

 It is sent by railway more than lUU miles. The average value upon ilio 

 roads that 6ui)ply New York may be three cents a quart, ranging about as 

 follows, as a general thing: for iivo months, at 2 cents; one month, '2 J cents; 

 two months, 3 cents; four months, 3 J- cents. Freight will average two 

 cents a quart, besides a great loss of cans. It costs the farmer most to pro- 

 duce milk in April. The cost of winter feed, 5 lbs. of meal and 1'> lbs. of 

 hay ])er day. The annual average j)roduct of good cows would be i?'JO each. 

 If cream only is sold, say 10 quarts per week at 15 cents, and 'J lbs. of 

 " skim cheese" at S cents, will make a cow yield '^'2 22 per week. 



The yield of milk of extraordinary cows has been, for one, 15J tpiarts n 

 da}' for 150 days; for another, 1-1.} quarts a day tor six months, sold at 3J 

 cents a quart, producing $107, from one cow, fed on grass and meal. 



The income of an Illinois cheese and butter dairy, owned by Mr. Savory, 

 of Do Kalb County, is given as follows, in a poor, dry season : 10,5(i(i pounds 

 of cheese, at 10 cents, §1,050 ; 500 pounds of butter, at 14 cents, $"<> ; 5(» 

 calves, at $1 50, $75 ; wliey and sour milk (estimated), $50 ; total income, 

 $1,245. I)u. : 50 cows — to getting lH(t tuns of hay, $150; care, milking, etc., 

 $200; two hired girls, 30 weeks, and board, $1S(»; interest on c.ish value of 

 cows, $100. Total cost, $C30— $24 per cow; and taking value of feed and 

 labor into account, was perhaps as jirofitablo as a New York milk farm 

 See "j 41, etc. 



Condensed Milk. — There is one method of sending milk to iho citic», 

 lately a(lo])ted, that will enable farmers living beyond the limit of nhipping 

 fresh milk, to send it to market. It can be done upon llie ..amo principle lu 

 associated chccso dairies. See ^ 51S. There are two nuMle*: the product 

 of one, called "condensed milk," rcseudiKs rich, thick crcuiii; the otiicr, 



