lOO 



NATURE 



[November i6, i^i i 



xxv+336. {London : Macmillan and Co., Ltd.) 51. 6d. 

 net. 



Experiments in Educational Psychology. By Dr. D. 

 Starch. Pp. vii+183. (London: Macmillan and Co., 

 Ltd.) 4s. net. 



The Theory and Practice of Technical Writing. By 

 Prof. S. C. Earle. Pp. vii+301. (London : Macmillan 

 and Co., Ltd.) 55. 6d. net. 



The Elements of Electrical Transmission. By Prof. 

 O. J. Ferguson. Pp. vii + 457. (London : Macmillan and 

 Co., Ltd.) 15s. net. 



A Text-book of Inorganic Chemistry. By Dr. G. Senter. 

 Pp. xi-f-583. (London : Methuen and Co., Ltd.) 6s. 6d. 



Outlines of Biology. By Dr. P. C. Mitchell, F.R.S. 

 Third edition. Revised and supplemented by G. P. 

 Mudge. Pp. .\v-l-348. (London : Methuen and Co., Ltd.) 

 65. net. 



L 'Equation de Fredholm et ses Applications i la 

 Physique Math^matique. By Profs. H. B. Hey wood and 

 M. Fr^chet. Pp. vi4-i65. (Paris: A. Hermann & Fils.) 

 5 francs. 



Introduction i la Th^orie des Equations Int^grales. By 

 Prof. T. Lalesco. Pp. vii+152. (Paris: A. Hermann & 

 Fils.) 4 francs. 



Traits de Chimie G^n^rale. By Prof. W. Nernst. 

 Ouvrage traduit sur la 6« Edition allemande by Prof. A. 

 Corvisy. Deuxi^me Partie. Pp. 422. (Paris : A. Her- 

 mann & Fils.) 10 francs. 



DIARY OF SOCIETIES. 



THURSDAY, November i6. 



kovAL SociBTY, at 4.30.— On the Discovery of a Novel Type of Flint 

 Implements below the Ba>e of the Red Crag of Suffolk, proving the 

 Existence of Skilled Workers of Flint in the Pliocene Age : Sir Ray 

 Lankester, K.C.B., F.RS.— Studies in Heredity. I. Ihc Effects of 

 Crossing the Sea-urchins (Echinus escuUntus and Echinocardiuin 

 cordatum): Prof. E. VV. Macbrirte, F.R.S.— The Influence of Ionised Air 

 on Bacteria : Prof. VV. M. Thornton.— The Intrinsic Factors in the Act of 

 Progrcs>ion in the Mammal : Dr. T. G. Brown —The Reiraciive Indices 

 of the tyc Mtdia of some Australian Animals : Dr. J. ].. Jona.— The 

 Permeability of the Yeast Cell: S. G. Paine.— Ventilation of the Lung 

 during Chloroform Naicosis : G. A. Buckmaster and J. A. Gardner.— 

 (1) On the Boiling Point of Water ; and (2) on the Boiling Points of 

 some saturated Aqueous Solutions: Lord Berkeley, F.K.S., and M. P. 

 Appleby. (Published.)— 1\\e. Healing Effect of the Currents in Precise 

 Measurements of Electrical Re-.istance : Dr. R. T. Ulazebrook, F.R.S. , 

 W. R. Bousfield, and V. E. Smith. {Published.) 



Institution of Mining and Metallurgy, at %.— Adjourned Dis- 

 cussions: (i) Fallacies in the Theory of the Organic Origin of Petroleums : 

 Eugene Coste ; (2) The Economics of Tube-milling : H. Standish Ball. 

 —Paper: Ihe Whim Well Copper Mine, West Pilbara, North-west 

 Australia : H. R. Sleeman. 



LiNNBAN Society, at 8.— Recent Researches on CEnothera : Dr. R. R. 

 Gates. 



FRIDAY, NovEMUER 17. 



Institution of Mechanical Engineers, at 8. —The Endurance of 

 Metals : Experiments on Rotating Beams at University College, London : 

 E. M. Eden, W. N. Rose, and F. L. Cunningham. (Adjourned Discussion.) 

 —Probable Paper: Double-cutting and High-speed Planing Machines: 

 J. Hartley Wicksteed. 



Illuminating Engineering Society, at 8.— Notes on the Design of 

 Motor-car Headlights : Ur. H. R. B. Hickman. 



MONDAY, November ao. 

 Royal Geographical Society, at 8.30.— Volcanic Craters and Explosives : 

 Dr. Tempcat Anderson. 



TUESDAY, November 21. 



Institution op Civil Engineers, at Z.— Further Discussion : The Loch 

 Leven Water-power Works : A. H. Roberts.— The Hydro-electric Plant 

 m the British Aluminium Company's Factory at Kinlochleven : F. B. 

 Sonnenschein. 



Zoological Society, at 8.io.— The Fresh-water Crayfishes of Australia: 

 Dr. Geoffrey Smith.— Contributions to the Anatomy and Systematic 

 Arrannement of the Cestoidea. III. On a New Genus of Tapeworms 

 from the Bustard KEupodotis kori) : F. E. Beddard, F.R.S.— Structure of 

 the Alimentary Canal of the Stick Insect (Bacillus rossii, Fabr.), with a 

 Note on the Parthenogenesis of this Species : A. E. Cameron.— Some 

 Remarks on the Habits of .British Frogs and Toads, with reference to 

 Mr. Cuinmings's recent communication on " Distant Orientation in 

 Amphibia": G. A. Boulenger, F.R.S. -Diagnoses of New Species of 

 Terrestrial and Fluviatile Snells from British and German East Africa : 

 H.B.Preston On the Milk-Dentition of the Ratel : R. I.ydekker, F.R.S. 



Royal Statistical Society, at 5.— The Course of Prices at Home and 

 Abroad, 1890-1910; R. H. Hooker. 



WEDNESDAY, November 22. 

 Royal Society of Arts, at 8.— Ihe Industrial Progress of the United 



States of America : Dr. James Douglas. 

 Geological Society, at 8.— Petrological Notes on Guernsey, Herm, Sark, 



andAlderney: Prof. T. G. Bonney, F.R.S., and the Rtv. Edwin Hill. 



—Ihe Evolution of Inoceramus in the Cretaceous Period : H. Woods. 



THURSDAY, November 23. 



Royal Society, at ^.y,.— Probable Papers: On the Iron Flame Spectrum 



and those of Sun-spots and Lower-type stars : Sir N. Lockycr, K.C.B. 



NO. 2194, VOL. 88] 



F. "i.S.— Sinl] . ! Steel of Ancient Oiigin : Sir !■: 



F.R.S.— One tyola «;a« t,ctween Parallel Pi 



when the Curi •■■. the Maximum Value : Pr'f I 



F.R.S. — Sp«ctru.>y(.Jpn. liivcsligat'cBs in connection •*■ 

 fie tion of Nitrogen. II. S(>c(;i ,f F.lements and ( 

 ibi Nitrogen; Hon. R. J. Sir-.. K.k.S., and Prof. 

 The I.es» Refrangible Spectral of Cyanogen, and v 

 Carbon Arc. Prof. A. Fov.k , F.k.S., and H. > 

 Monatomicity of Nton, Ktyp. >n, and Xenon : Sir ^' 

 F.R.S.— The AdhereiKc of Plain Sunace* : H. M 

 Resiitance to the Motion of a Thread of Mercury in 

 Went.- The Distillation o( Binary .Mixtures of Met;. 

 Isolation of « Compound of Magiie<tium and Zinc : A. J. Ucrxy.— 

 of Tidal Records tor Brisbane for the Vcar 1908 : F. J. Selby. 



Institution or Ei.kctrical Engineers, at 8.— Automatic R- 

 battery Boosters : K. Rankin. 



Royal Anthropological Institute, at 8.15. — Huxley " 

 Lecture.— The Early Inhabitants of Western Asia : Prof. V. 



Institution of Minin<; and Metali urgy, at 8.— The I ■ 

 the Copper Queen and the Warren Mining District : Dr. J: 



Chemical Society, at %.ya.— Extra Mecting.—VxoU Harold 

 F.R.S., will deliver the llerthelot Memorial Lecture. 



FRIDAY, November 24. 

 Physical Society, at 5. — The Maximum Value of the Ele 

 between Two Unequal Spherical Electrodes : Dr. A. Rus 

 Cubical Expansion of Fused Silica : F. J. Harlow.— On the Te 

 Coefficient of Diffusion : B. W. Clack.- The a Particles emitti 

 Active Deposits of Thorium and Actinium : £. Marsden and Tr 

 —The Magnetic Transition Point of Cementite : S. W. Jj 

 W. White, and S. G. Barker. 



CONTENTS. 



Cellulose Derivatives in the Service of Man. 



J. S. S. B 



Education for the Country Life. By E. J. R. , 

 Glaciers and Ice-sheets. By G. W. L. ... 



Precession and Paradox 



The Measurement of Illumination 



Modern Geography. By G. A. J. C 



Mathematical and Physical Chemistry. By J. W.J 



Our Book Shelf 



Letters to the Editor:— 



The Late Sir Francis Gallon.— Prof. Karl Pearsc 



F.R.S 



The Kaiser-Wilhelm Institut fiir physikalische Chemi' 

 und Elecktrochemie at Dahlem, near Berlin. 



Prof. William D. Harkins 



The Weather of 191 1. — Right Hon. Sir Edw. Fry, 



G.C.B., F.R.b 



Dew- ponds in 191 1. — Edward A. Martin. . . 

 The Research Defence Society and Anti-Viviseclio 

 Shops. — Right Hon. Earl Cromer, Hon. 

 Sydney Holland, Dr. F. M. Sandwith, Stephen 



Paget 



The Definition of Mass.— H. S. A, ; The Reviewer 

 Altiiude and Animal Development. — Rev. Hilderic 



Friend 



Recent Theories of Volcanic Action. {Illuslraied.) 



ByJ. W. J 



Spanish Observations of Brooks's Comet (igiic). 



{Illustrated.) By Dr. W. J. S. Lockyer 



Conlerence on the Theory of Radiation. By Prof. 



E. Rutherlord, F.R.S 



Sir Samuel Wilks, Bart., F.R.S. By W. H. W. . 



Mr. John Brown, F.R.S. By W. B. M 



The siolar Physics Observatory 



Notes 



Our Astronomical Column : — 



Planet MT 



Mars 



Ephemerides for Various Comets 



The Distortion and Apparent Dilatation of Celesti • 



Objects at the Hotizon 



P'arly Visibility of the New Moon 



A New Astronomical Society and Publication . . . 



Some Papers on Spiders and Insects 



Seismological Notes 



Educational Science at the British Association . . 

 Some Engineering Problems and the Education of 



Engineers. By Dr. W. C. Unwin, F.R.S 



University and Educational Intelligence 



Societies and Academies 



Books Received 



Diary of Societies ' 



