1^2 



NATURE 



fNov! 



bility of fhf r. spii .ii.m \ ..mi. v^<>uld suftir'- "• -l<'vi .n 

 abolish ill.- .iiiiviu (.1 ill'' t'lUi'. (i.'is nnai 

 show ih:il uith ,1 il..|) and i .ipxl rospiratioi 

 iii.iil<i(l l.ill ill ill' ( ;u l)un-ilio.\idf roiu.ni ..I il.. I.1.....1. 

 I h. \ aU" liiini; L.tward rvidrncp to -.ln.w tiial lli. iliiiiiiui- 

 ti.iii in owi/ii i. lit' 111 of ill.' hl.HKJ (lurinji rlil()ri)(nrm 

 n.iiTDsis i-. t"! 'ill. ' iiiinly in iiiniini-.lic<l alvfolar vt-ntila- 



linil, I. Ill h. ih. .1. lion 111 tll<- (llU)4 (111 t' •■■' ■■■■•■"- 1'- 



I.ukI Borkoloy and M. I'. Apploby 

 piiinl (il w.il' 1 ; anil (-■! ill-- hniliilL; poinU 

 aqiii'DUs siiliili'.i I'; R. I. Glazobrook, W . 



Bousfleld, :iiiil I. L. Smith: I h'- ii'-atini^ < ll.i t ..f 

 Curr.-nK in |)i-.ri^.- m.-aMU 'in. nis ul il'iliii.il I'si-i 



I.innean Society, Novi mbcr 2. — Dr. 1). II.Scon. 

 president, in tlir chair. Dr. 1). II. Ecott : I ii' i 

 fern Zygoptcns (irdyi (\\ illiaiiiMini. I !i' ;;i"iiii 



paratively simple ft-rrs (.IVimolilicfs ut .\rb.i , CJn.!ni'|'i' i n... 

 »)f Seward) to which this plant bflonf^s is c hirlly l^nowii 



by petrified specimens showing.; slriicture. Correl.itidii uiili 



inipressiuns show ill:; 

 fronds, linu'A'i, li.- 



id. -Ill ill. li. /. (ililYI, 



I.S.S.S, i^ a i,ii'- In-sil. 

 boroiiijli, in l.aniasl 



111.- h.il.it 



L;ini; to a /,\ }.iii|)t' i i- lia\'- N' 

 s|).i i.^ fdiniili'd li\ WilliaiiiMin in 

 \ 11. w vp.i iiiH'ii, liiiiii Slim.- I.iu!'- 

 ', was found li\ -Mr. Loniax la>l 



year, .and s.-n 

 were pri'par.ii. 

 to .\nk\ io|)i. li 



it lran--\ ''i- 



.111(1 loni'iludinal 



ih' 



point»'d fill I il:' 



of p.iiif d o\. tries ' 

 with llu'-. 'I' ; i\' •' 



ih.v 



III. I; 



about I 



Kalronida 



••■'hiT th..,, .... ..,,. , .- 



lion almost direct!) 



lioilv -(■.•ivit\ . wliii h. 



""lis 



ijUi-si ion wh.'lli.T liiis sp,-( i.'s li.loni;-. 



lapli ri^, a^ lli.s.' j^.n.i^i .n.- d.tin.il 

 by Paul K.rlianil, lias ji.-.n dispul' il. Tin- n.'w ■~p.rimin 

 is certainh an .\nk\ ropicri-,, a^ shown li\ ih.' pi.-^inii' ol 

 " peripheral loo[)s " of sniall-cellid wliiii on tln' l.-af-irar. . 

 Thus tlie view ol P.aiil Pirlianil is ronlirniid; it ;ipp. -ar- 

 te hold good for all known sp.-i ini.-ns of Z. (iniyi. Zy,i,'i'- 

 pteris, or, as wc ina\ now call it, Anl.-yroplrris (irayi. i- 

 a highly developed member of ih. Priniotiru . -. .mil pr. - 

 sents interesting analogies with the (uriou- i^. nu- A-i- m- 

 chlaena, recently described in full detail li\ i'.uil Iv riiaml. 

 — Miss Edith E. Bamford : Pelagic actinian l.u \a-. I h'- 

 author stated that the collection of actinian larv.e from 

 the Indian Ocean consists of thirteen dilTerent types, the 

 chief interest lying in the four zoantliidean larv.c, all 

 being new species of the e^.nu- Zoaniliina, \an Heneden, 

 represented by single spi rim. n-. A. (). Walker: The 

 distribution of Elodea C(iiui(lr)isls, .Miihx., in the Hritish 

 Isles in 1909. E. canadensis. .Mirhx., is said to h;i\i- li.eii 

 first seen in Ireland in 1836 and in Berwickshire in 1845. 

 By 1850 it had become so abundant in many [larts of the 

 British Isles as to be a serious nuisance by choking up 

 canals, watercourses, and drains, and all attempts to clear 

 it out failed. It was found, however, that after a few 

 years it died out, or became comparatively scarce and 

 feeble. Information on the subject is given in the paper 

 from twenty-four counties in England and Wales, six in 

 Scotland, and three in Ireland, showing, on the wholf, that 

 the plant his decreased of late. — Dr. J. Murie : The 

 " slipper limpet " {Crcpidula fornicata). It was pointed 

 out that the " limpets " have now become a nuisance on the 

 oyster-beds of both Kent and Essex. Originally tin \ w. r.> 

 imported from .America, coming among th.- harrelled 

 oysters bnmi^'ht over for relaying. They hav.- since he- 

 come thoroui^hly naturalised, and on the Blaikwal.-r and 

 River Crouch are dredged up in tons .-ittach.d to th.- 

 oysters, mussels, &c. Unlik." the starfish, d.-vour. r- and 

 arch-enemies of the oyster, or the imiv-.ls, which viiioth'-r 

 them, .md the whelk tint;les, whicli lioie througli their 

 shells, the " slipper limpet " is more of a conini. nsal par.i- 

 site and messmate, partaking of the ovst, , \ food. Kut 

 what now chiefly renders them a serious m. ii.n . to owt. 1- 

 rulture is the labour and exp.ns.. involv.-d in tonstant 

 dredging for them, as likewis,- the n.-c. -sity for individuallv 

 chopping them off by " cultack " before the oysters are 

 presentable for sale or replanting. 



Zooloeical Society, November 7— Mr. Frederick Gillett' 

 vice-president, in the chair. — T. E. Gunn : The presence of 

 two ovaries in certain British birds, more esjv^i.dlv the 

 Falconidas. The author outlined th.^ views luld hv the 

 majority of English morphologists on the reproductive 

 organs of adult female birds, and enunK-rated ex.mipl' s 

 which he had collected durini; a numh.-r of years where tin' 

 right as well as the left ovary was pr. sent, and, so far as 

 could be ascertained, in the two i .;-<-, of which sections had 

 been made, where the right ovary was functional. He 

 NO. 2195, VOL. 88] 



onida;, a- 

 urce, an<i 

 usually piaieii 

 ' bral column a 

 s other 

 I was th' 

 . . fienerally <. 

 left, in the !• 

 ihor's opinion 



gr;iphs 



mmilt , 

 A. I). 



(■'-\liiii 



Scth-Smith i 



I IcDodylcs piimattti) in i; 

 eferrcd to .Mr. de Wini 



1: ' I.'.' 'hirh appeared in the 1' 

 in i.^'iS. lii' -.p. , iiii' 11 oil-. IV. d lis Mr. de ^^ 



ll.il in. .lilt II'. 1! i: i;; li ''.:■■■'. ■;-.••■:, months in tll- 



w I ' nageric had ni' 



I'A . -tated that th' 



','1- U'li .ilinii-! lully j;ru\vn liefoi 



!. .mil th.it (he latt' r had to be rul- 

 iieak or fi-<t, as they were firmly attachrd m in.- -;,.-. 

 the new fe.it her-. The paper was illustrated by \ 

 wh-ih -howed the bird in various stages • 

 I- well I- by specimens of the shed feathers.- 

 mms : ^oine Collembola from India, Burma 

 with a cat;dnt,'iie of the Oriental species e 

 order, l-'our j^ein-ra .•md i w-.-nty-eight species were des. 

 .is new, .imone-t the !,'iii.r the mo-f remarkable b< 

 form imiciue anions ( 'olje-nhola in possessing a n: 

 cercus to the fifth abdominal sej^ment, and for the ret ■ 

 of which .1 iii-w sul)f;imilv was formed. The total m. 

 of Collembola known from the Oriental region was - 

 to ;imount to fiflv-three species comprised within tv 

 s.-ven .genera. - I'rof. P. P. Sushkin : Ontogenetical i 

 formations of the bill in Ardea cinerea. The author 

 .1 (I' -( ription of the gradual development of the bill 

 s«Ti<-- of enibryos and young specimens of the heron 

 which 111- had m;ule ohs.rv.-itions. The simple rhar.. 

 theca proved to be only a late stage of the compound 

 .md the form of the Ardeine bill he regarded as a deriv«| 

 one, and discussed its resemblance to those of allied forr 



Manchester. 



Literarv and Philosophical Society, October 31^ 

 Prof. F. E. Weiss, president, in the chair. — TI 

 Thorp : .\ new method for testing the curvature of 

 bolic mirrors. The method consists in tilting the 

 with a delicate tangent screw so that each portion of 

 mirror is successively brought into a horizontal positi| 

 — Miss P. C. Esdaile : A study of the scales of 

 salmon. It was shown that no two scales of the 

 scores examined from different parts of the one fish 

 the same number of lines, though they all had the 

 number of annual markings. Research during the 

 year indicated that the number of lines in each an* 

 group increases gradually on scales taken from near 

 head to those taken near the fleshy (adipose) fin ; and 

 from this position to the tail there is a decrease in 

 number of lines in each annual group. .-Mso, the 

 on the upper side of the body hav fewer lines than 

 on the lower side. Thus the scales are not all of the 

 size, increasing in length and breadth as the numt 

 lines increases. Near the adipose fin, the part of the 

 with nearly the sinallest girth, the scales are, so far-j 

 known, the longest and broad. -t. and have the 

 number of lines. The results clearly indicate that 

 it would be premature to state how many lines are fo 

 during each year or each month. 



Xoveiiihi-r Meadowcroft : .\ geome 



in-.-itmeril o;' -'on. — Dr. .\. .\. Mum| 



Ohsi-rv.'itions o;i -on-r i.iriors which have caused tl 

 proved physique of boys at the Manchester Grammar 

 during the last thirty years. In comparing the diffe 

 in height, weight, and phvsical development genera 

 the boys at the school during tlie period 1881-6 as COB 

 with the period 1905-10, the author discussed the ca| 

 lietter housing, improved diet, greater insight int 

 meaning of parental responsibility as regards health, 

 which he attributed the remarkable increase in heigt 

 weight of the boys. He referred to the changed at 



