4oS 



NA TURE 



[February 24, 1898 



forms and sarcodic forms. All these forms exist in epithelioma, 

 carcinoma and sarcoma, but the last-named contains especially 

 the microbial forms and the granulations. — Remarks on the 

 Bloch-appendices in the siluroids of genus Aspredo, by M. Leon 

 Vaillant. — On the place of the sponges in classification, by M. 

 Yves Delage. — Influence of the X-rays on germination, by MM, 

 Maldiney and Thouvenin. From experiments upon Convolvulus 

 arvensis, Lepidium sativum, and Panictim miliaceuin, it would 

 appear that the X-rays hasten germination. — The melanosis of 

 the mandarin orange, by M. Trabut. — Detection and rapid 

 estimation of manganese in plants and vegetable earths by a 

 colorimetric method, by M. P. Pichard. The method is based 

 upon the ignition of the ash with an alkaline carbonate, and 

 subsequent formation of permanganate by the use of lead 

 peroxide and nitric acid. — On the conglomerate of the Amone 

 in the Swiss Ferret valley, by MM. L. Duparc and F. Pearce. 

 — On the formation of anhydrite by the calcination of gypsum 

 at high temperatures, by M. A. Lacroix. — On the origin of the 

 overlapping layers in the region of Ubaye, by MM. W. Kilian 

 and E. Haug. — On some phenomena of fluvial erosion and 

 corrosion, by M. Jean Brunhes. 



DIARY OF SOCIETIES. 



THURSDAY, February 24. 



Royal Society, at 4.30. — Meeting for Discussion. — Subject : The Scien- 

 tific Advantages of an Antarctic Expedition. The Discussion will be 

 opened by Dr. John Murray, F.R.S. 



Institution of Electrical Engineers, at 8. — On the Manufacture of 

 Lamps and other Apparatus for 200 volts Circuits : G. Binswanger, 

 Byng. 



FRIDA Y, February 25. 



Royal Institution, at 9. — The Theory of Colour Vision applied to 

 Modern Colour Photography : Captain W. de W. Abney, C.B., F.R.S. 



Institution of Civil Engineers, at 8. — The Problem of Train Resist- 

 ance : C. E. Wolff. 



SATURDAY, February 26. 



Royal Institution, at 3. — The Structure of Instrumental Music : W. H. 

 Hadow. 



/Physical Society (Eton College), at 4. — The Rev. T. C. Porter will 

 describe (i) a New Theory of Geysers ; (2) a New Method of Viewiug 

 Newton's Rings ; (3) Experiments bearing on the Sensation of Light ; 



(4) a Method of Viewing Lantern Projections in Stereoscopic Relief; 



(5) Winter Observations on the Shadow of El Teide, with a New 

 Method for Measuring approximately the Diameter of the Earth ; (6) 

 Temperature of the Water of Niagara. 



MONDA Y, February 28. 

 ■Society of Arts, at 8. — The Principles of Design in Form : Hugh 



Stannus. 

 .Royal (Jeographical Society, at 8.30. — The Annual Range of Tem- 

 perature in the Surface Waters of the Ocean, and its Bearing on Oceano- 

 graphical Problems : Dr. John Murray, F.R.S. 

 J r stitute OF Actuaries, at 5.30. — The Relation of the Actuarial Pro- 

 fession to the State : J. Nicoll. 



TUESDAY, March i. 

 >Royal Institution, at 3. — The Simplest Living Things: Prof. E. Ray 



Lankester, F.R.S. 

 Zoological Society, at 8.30. — On the Perforate Corals collected by the 

 Author in the South Pacific : J. Stanley Gardiner. — The Myology of the 

 Terrestrial Carnivora, Part 2 : Prof. B. C. A. Windle and F. G. Parsons. 

 On the Brain and some other Points in the Anatomy of Bassarts: F. E. 

 Beddard, F.R.S. 

 Institution of Civil Engineers, at 8. — Papers to be further discussed : 

 The Theory Design, and Practical Working of Alternate-Current 

 Motors : Llewelyn B. Atkinson. — Dublin Electric Tramway : H. F. 

 Parshall. 

 Rontgen Society, at 8. — Photographic Activity and Penetration of 

 Rontgen Rays at Different Vacua : J. H. Gardiner. — Other Papers by 

 Wilson Noble and Hall Edwards. — Mr. Isenthal will show some New 

 Apparatus. 



WEDNESDA K, March 2. 

 Society of Arts, at 8. — Kites : their Theory and Practice : Captain B. 

 F, S. Baden-Powell. 



THURSDA r, March 3. 

 Royal Society, at 4.30. — Probable Papers: The Relationship of Varia- 

 tions of the Ground Water Level to the Incidence of Malarial Fevers 

 in Chotta Nagpur, Bengal : Dr. L. Rogers. — On the Depletion of 

 the Endosperm of Hordeuirt vitlgare during Germination : H. T. 

 Brown F.R.S., and F. Escombe.^Experimental Observations on the 

 Early Degenerative Changes in the Sensory End Organs of Muscles : 

 Dr. F. E. Batten. 

 Royal Institution, at 3. — Recent Researches in Magnetism and Dia- 



magnetism : Prof. J. A. Fleming, F.R.S. 

 LiNNEAN Society, at 8. — On the Sense Organs of the Lateral Line in 

 certain Fishes : F. J. Cole. — On the Occurrence of Carex helvola in 

 Britain: G. C. Druce. — On Arctic Spiders from Franz Josef Land : Rev, 

 O. Pickard-Cambridge. 

 Chemical Society, at 8. 



FRIDA r, March 4. 

 Royal Institution, at 9. — Some Recent Results of Physico-Chemical 

 Inquiry : Prof. T. E. Thorpe, F.R.S. 



BOOKS, PAMPHLETS, and SERIALS RECEIVED. 



Books. — Andr^e and his Balloon : H. Lachambre and A. Machuron 

 (Constable). — Vear-Book of the Royal Society, No. 2, 1897-08 (Harrison). 

 — Meteorology in Mysore, 1896 : J. Cook (Bangalore). — Magnets and 

 Electric Currents : Prof J. A. Fleming (Spon). — Twenty-fourth Annual 

 Report of the Local Government Board, 1894-95. Supplement : Inland 

 Sanitary Survey-, 1893-05 (Eyre). — Report of the Meteorological Service of 

 the Dominion of Canada, 1890 and 1895 : R. T. Stupart (Ottawa). — Storm 

 and Sunshine in the Dales : P. H. Lockwood (E. Stock). — Pike and Perch : 

 A. Jardine (Lawrence). — The Kingdom of the Yellow Robe : E. Young 

 (Constable). — Le.ssons with Plants : L. H. Bailey (Macmillan). — Through 

 China with a C amera : J. Thomson (Constable). — Proceedings of the 

 London Mathematical Society, Vol. xxviii. (Hodgson). — Lemons sur I'lnt^- 

 gration des Equations : E. Goursat, 2 Vols. (Paris, Hermann). — Oiuvres 

 Scientifiques de L. Lorenz, Tome i, Deux Fasc. (Copenhague, Lehmann). 

 — A Treatise on Universal Algebra, with Applications : A. N. Whitehead, 

 Vol. I (Cambridge University Press).— Peneroplis : F. Dreyer (Leipzig, 

 Engelmann). 



Pamphlets. — The Twelfth and Concluding Memoir on the Theory of 

 Screws : Sir R. Ball (Dublin) — Die Geometrisch-Optischen Tanschungen : 

 W. Wundt, No. 2 (Leipzig, Teubner). — A Suggested Improvement of the 

 Current Theories of the Tides : J. H. S. Moxly (Rivingtons). — Vaccination 

 a Delusion : Dr. A. R. Wallace (Sonnenschein). 



Serials. — National Geographic Magazine, January (Washington). — 

 Monthly Weather Review, November (Washington). — Zoologist, February 

 (West). — Proceedings of the Bristol Naturalists' Society, new series, 

 Vol. viii Part 2 (Bristol). — Studies from the Yale Psychological Labora- 

 tory, Vol. 4, 1896 (New Haven). — Journal of the Franklin Institute, 

 February (Philadelphia). — Astrophysical Journal, January (Chic.-igo). — 

 Journal of the Chemical Society, February (Gurney). — American Anthro- 

 pologist, November and December (Washington). — Proceedings of the 

 Indiana Academy of Science 1896 (Indianapolis). 



CONTENTS. PAGE 



The Magnetic Circuit. By Prof. A. Gray, F.R.S. . 385 



Audubon. By L. C. M 386 



Sewer Gas and Health. By Mrs. Percy Frankland 387 

 Our Book Shelf:— 



Thomson: "Chambers's Algebra for Schools." — 



G. B. M 388 



Turner : " Die Kraft und Materie im Raume. Grund- 



lage einer neuen Schopfungstheorie " 388 



Peck: " The Observer's Atlas of the Heavens " . . . 388 

 Letters to the Editor :— 



Protective Mimicry and Common Warning Colours. — 



Prof. Edward B. Poulton, F.R.S 389 



Oat Smut as an Artist's Pigment. — Prof. H. 



Marshall Ward, F.R.S. 389 



Giraffe from the Niger Territories. {With Map.) — 



W. Hume McCorquodale 389 



Abridged Long Division. — Robt. W. D. Christie . 390 

 Earthquake in North Britain.— James M'Cubbin . 391 

 On the Use of Glycerinated Calf Lymph for Pro- 

 tective Vaccination against Small-pox . . 391 

 Notes on some Volcanic Phenomena in Armenia. 

 {.Illustrated.) By Prof. T. Mc Kenny Hughes, F.R.S. 392 



Periodic Orbits 394 



Woldemar von Schroder 395 



The Kekule Memorial • • • 395 



Notes 395 



Our Astronomical Column : — 



Astronomical Occurrences in March 1898 399 



Another Lunar Hoax? 399 



Occultation of Ceres 400 



A Remarkable Object 400 



Variables in Star Clusters 400 



A Large Reflecting Telescope 400 



Parallaxes of Stars 400 



Further Explorations in American Mounds . . . 400 

 A Jubilee Volume of " Wiedemann's Annalen " . 401 

 Man in Relation to the Glacial Period. By Dr. 



Henry Hicks, F.R.S 402 



University and Educational Intelligence 404 



Scientific Serials . 404 



Societies and Academies 405 



Diary of Societies 4°^ 



Books, Pamphlets, and Serials Received ..... 408 



NO. 1478, VOL. 57] 



