October 13, 1923] 



NA TURE 



56: 



University and Educational Intelligence. 



Aberdeen.— The following assistants have been 

 appointed : Anatomy, Mr. A. Lyall ; forestry, Mr. 

 Y,. V. Laing ; mathematics, Mr. J. T. Lawrence ; 

 natural philosophy, Mr. H. D. Griffith ; pathology, 

 Mr. J. F. Davidson ; physiology, Mr. J. Fiddes ; 

 surgery, Mr. W. Anderson. 



Cambridge. — Of the additional annual grant of 

 JO, 000/. from the University Grants Committee, 

 inounced by the Vice-Chan cellor in his annual 

 jlddress to the University, a sum of 4000/. annually 

 'rom the total is ear-marked for the next ten years 

 for the Women's Colleges. 



St. Andrews. — The induction of Prof. John Read 

 to the chair of chemistry in the United College, and 

 of Prof. Adam Patrick to the chair of medicine in the 

 University, took place in the Hall of the University 

 Library, St. Andrews, on Friday, October 5, at 4 p.m. 



Speaking at a prize-distribution ceremony at the 

 Maharajah of Kasimbazar's Polytechnic Institute, the 

 new Vice-Chancellor of the University of Calcutta 

 blessed Capt. Petavel's scheme (described in Nature 

 of August 26, 1922, p. 298) for establishing in Bengal 

 co-operative educational colonies in which pupils 

 would spend a considerable part of their time in 

 remunerative employment on farms and in work- 

 shops. " Boys following the school and college courses 

 as they are now, resemble," he remarked, " a flock of 

 sheep rushing over a precipice," — referring to the 

 notorious overcrowding of the occupations for which 

 alone those courses afford a suitable preparation. 

 The scheme, however, notwithstanding its endorse- 

 ment by the former Vice-Chancellor and many other 

 Calcutta notables, still hangs fire, for want, apparently, 

 of the funds necessary for making a start. 



The foundation stone of the first of the permanent 

 buildings of the University of Western Australia 

 was laid on September i by the Premier of the State, 

 Sir James Mitchell. This building, which is being 

 erected for the natural science lecture rooms and 

 laboratories, is placed on rising ground overlooking 

 Melville Water on the Swan River. The southern 

 aspect of the building and its general design will give 

 every facility for microscope work. It is proposed 

 to proceed next with the transfer of the departments 

 of chemistry, physics, and agriculture before removing 

 the arts faculty and the administrative sections 

 from the present temporary buildings in the centre 

 of Perth city. The engineering school is already 

 on the permanent site, having been in 19 14 in the 

 Crawley Mansion House on the transfer of the estate 

 to the University by the Government of Western 

 Australia. 



Progress in home economics education during the 

 years 1920-22 is described in Bulletin No. 6 of 1923 

 of the United States Bureau of Education. A 

 general demand for retrenchment in school expenditure 

 led to proposals in many parts of the country for 

 eliminating home economics as well as music, art, 

 industrial arts, and agriculture from school curricula, 

 but a reaction speedily ensued accompanied by a 

 marked stimulation of local interest in the teaching 

 of these subjects. Meanwhile, the campaign for 

 (economy had improved the teaching of such subjects 

 as cookery through necessitating the use of simpler 

 and less expensive methods and extreme care in regard 

 to the quality of the resulting products. One of the 

 most admirable modifications of home economics 



NO. 2815, VOL. II 2\ 



courses was the devotion of increased time and 

 attention to training young women in child care and 

 welfare. This training has been linked with the food 

 courses in high schools through individual pupils being 

 made responsible in the later stages of their work for 

 the nutritional condition of some younger child. The 

 food courses have themselves been markedly changed, 

 cooking processes receiving less, and nutrition and 

 dietetics greater emphasis than formerly. 



Recent awards of Industrial Bursaries and Over- 

 seas Science Research Scholarships by the Royal 

 Commission for the Exhibition of 1851 are as follows. 

 The names of the nominating institutions are in 

 brackets. Industrial Bursaries : J. M. Todd (Uni- 

 versity of Edinburgh), W. McCartney (Heriot-Watt 

 College, Edinburgh), G. B. Hamilton and D. Murray 

 (Universit}^ of Glasgow), G. G. Forrest (University of 

 St. Andrews), T. Etheridge (University of Birming- 

 ham), A. G. Oates (University of Bristol), F. Allen 

 (University of Leeds), W. B. Noddings and E. R. 

 Knight (University of Liverpool), G. Lindley (Uni- 

 versity of Sheffield), F. F. Ridley (University of 

 Durham : Armstrong College), J. S. Wilson (Uni- 

 versity College, Nottingham), J. F. Smith, J. M. 

 Radclifte, and W. A. P. Fislier (University of Cam- 

 bridge), P. C. England (University of London : 

 King's College), W. E. J. Budgen (University of 

 London : East London College), A. Taffel (Uni- 

 versity of London : ITniversity College), G. A. 

 Bonnyman (Imperial College of Science and Tech- 

 nology), J. R. Rowlands (University College of North 

 Wales, Bangor), A. R. Brown (University College of 

 South Wales and Monmouthshire, Cardiff), O. G. 

 Evans (University College of Swansea), A. Goffey, 

 R. E. L. Tricker, and C. R. Smith (University of 

 Manchester). Science Research Scholarships : J. F. 

 Lehmann, Physics (University of Alberta), I. R. 

 McHaffie, Physical Chemistry (University of Mani- 

 toba), W. L. Webster, Physics (University of Toronto), 

 R. W. E. B. Harman, Physical Chemistry (University 

 of New Zealand), L. H. Martin, Physics (University 

 of Melbourne), F. Lions, Organic Chemistry (Uni- 

 versity of Sydney). 



Societies and Academies. 



Paris. 



Academy of Sciences, September 17. — M. Joseph 

 Boussinesq in the chair. — The president announced 

 the death of M. J. Violle. — P. Villard : The true colour 

 of clouds. It is generally admitted that the true 

 colour of clouds is white, and that the colour effects 

 observed are due to the coloured rays of the sun at 

 sunrise and sunset. From the results of twenty 

 years' observations the author believes that this is 

 not always the case and that clouds may possess a 

 colour of their own, not necessarily white, although 

 illuminated with pure white light. Variations of 

 colour have been noted during the disappearance and 

 re-formation of light cumulus clouds. — P. Sergesco : 

 The distribution of the characteristic values of the 

 nuclei of Marty l<i{x, y) ^A{x)K{x, y). — Antoine 

 Zygmund : The Riemann theory of trigonometrical 

 series. — Georges J. R6moundos : A property of 

 elimination and algebroid functions. — O. M. Tino : 

 The passage from the theory of the fundamental 

 Fredholm functions to that of tlie fundamental 

 Schmidt functions. — Serge Bernstein : The mathe- 

 matical demonstration of Mendel's law of heredity. — 

 A. Petot : A characteristic difference between the 

 modes of action of front and back brakes. It is 

 shown that there is a fundamental difference between 



