698 



NATURE 



[NoVK.MIii.K 10, 1923 



outbreak of nrscniral poisoning some years a^o, and 

 for his indtfativ'ablc anrl original work on the amount 

 of soot in the '' n atmosphere of Manclicster. 



Ills efforts in i"ii with the Man<:hester and 



Salford Sanitary Assoriation to obtain a purer atmo- 

 sphere should l)c a memorial to him among the public 

 of timt city. . 



In recognition of his many original contributions 

 to science, Thomson was elected a fellow of tiie Royal 

 Society of Edinburgh in 1876. He was also* one of 

 the original meml>crs of the Society of Chemical 

 Industry, was elected to the committee in October 

 1884, and acted as chairman of the Manchester Section 

 for some years. He was a prominent member of the 

 Institute of Chemistry, of which he was elected a 

 fellow in 1877 ; he served on the council from 1887 to 

 1890 and from 1893 to 1896. For some years also 

 he was on the committee of the Society of Dyers and 

 Colourists. He was the author of a book on "The 

 Sizing of Cotton Goods," of which the first edition was 

 published in 1877 and the second in 1879. 



Sir William Rice Edwards, K.C.B., K.C.I.E., C.M.G. 



The death on October 13 of Major-General Sir 

 William Rice Edwards from pneumonia, after a very 

 brief illness, at the comparatively early age of sixty-one, 

 has come as a great shock to his many friends, and 

 especially to the members of his service, who trusted 

 and honoured him as their chief and loved him as an 

 upright and sporting gentleman. He studied at the 

 London Hospital, took the M.B. with honours and later 

 the M.I), of Durham, and entered the Indian Medical 

 Service in 1886, serving in his earlier years at the Eden 

 Hospital, Calcutta, and on Lord Roberts's staff in India 

 and later during the South African War, and was 

 Residency Surgeon in Kashmir for some years before 

 selection for the administrative grade. After a 

 successful period as Surgeon-General, Bengal, where 

 his abilities and accessibility endeared him to all who 

 had the privilege of serving under him, he succeeded 

 Sir Pardey Lukis in 1918 as Director-General at the 

 most critical period in the history of the Indian Medical 

 Service. He fought unflinchingly, without the least 

 regard to his personal prospects, for the Service, first 

 to obtain justice with regard to the increased pay 

 recommended by the Public Services Commission, 

 and afterwards to lessen, so far as possible, the dis- 

 astrous effects of the Montague reform scheme. He 

 succeeded in the first, with the help of the British 

 Medical Association, but regretfully admitted, when 

 speaking as chairman of the I.M.S. dinner only last 

 June, that he had failed to a large extent in the latter 

 superhuman task. He did much to foster the scientific 

 work of the bacteriological department, while the 

 successful organisation of the Calcutta School of 

 Tropical Medicine was due in no small degree to his 

 invaluable support. 



By the death, on September 4, of Prof. Dr. Paul 

 Friedlander another favourite and successful pupil of 

 Adolf von Baeyer has passed away. He had many 

 friends and was highly esteemed by his colleagues 



NO. 2819, VOL. I 12] 



Iwyond the 1>' ' of his nati\< Paul 



Friedliinder w '.w 1857 at Ko: Prussia, 



where, having fiaL^hcd his sch<M)l education, he b^;an 

 his academic studies under Grael>e, and continued 

 them in Straslwurg and .Munich under A. v. Baeyer 

 in 1878, whose private assistant he was at the 

 time. From 1884 to 1887 Friedliinder was chief 

 chemist of the scientific laboratory of the Oehler Works 

 at Oflfenbach a.M. Afterwards he entered upon his 

 academic career in 1888 at Karlsruhe, where he was 

 made profe&sor-extraordinar>' in 1889; from 189510 191 1 

 he was professor at the Museum of Industrial Te<h- 

 nology in Vienna, whence he {)a.ssed to Darmstadt as 

 professor of chemistry of dycstufTs. Friedliinder's m<»st 

 important work was connected with the 'jronp oi 

 indigo dyes ; he found that the ancient T ili . 



the dyestuff of the shellfishes, contains hi. in 



ated indigo derivatives; his discovery of thio-indigo red, 

 a sulphur derivative of indigo, was most important in 

 the development of vat dye manufacture, and enabled 

 Friedlander to find a number of new compounds. His 

 main literary work is well known and in daily use by 

 colour and dyestuff chemists, thou^'? ' - ■■ 



know, published in German only. 



Mr. Arthur L. Dearlove, who died on October ii. 

 was a well-known consulting engineer. He was senior 

 partner in the firm of Messrs. Clark, Forde and Taylor. 

 He superintended the laying of many thousands of 

 miles of submarine cable, and did a large amount of 

 cable work during the War. He did much careful 

 research work on the Clark and Weston standard cells, 

 and contributed largely to the technical journals. 



We regret to announce the following deaths : 



Prof. Carl Harries, honorarv professor of the 

 Technical High School at c5harlottenburg. and 

 formerly professor of chemistry at Kiel, who was 

 known for his work on the action of sodium on 

 isoprene, aged fifty-seven. 



Prof. P. W. Latham, formerly Downing professor 

 of medicine in the University of Cambridge, on 

 October 29, aged ninety-one. 



Dr. Charles Frederick Millspaugh, curator of the 

 department of botany of the Field Museum, Chicago, 

 and professor of botany at the University of Chicago 

 and the Cliicago Medical College, on September 15 

 aged sixty-nine. 



Prof. F. P. Spalding, of the School of Engineering 

 of the University of Missouri since 1900, on September 

 4, aged sixty -six. 



Dr. J. E. Stead, F.R.S., president of the Iron and 

 Steel Institute 1920-21, on October 31. aged seventy- 

 two. 



Dr. A. Stutzer, the well-knowTi agricultural chemist 

 of the University of Konigsberg, who has carried out 

 many researches both alone and with collaborators on 

 Chile saltpetre, soil organisms, and nitrifying and 

 denitrifying bacteria, on September 3, aged seventy- 

 four. 



Prof. James Sully, emeritus professor of philosoph\-. 

 University College, London, on November r 

 eighty -one. 



