December 15, 1923 



NA TURE 



859 



however, Dr. Sheppard does not seem able to overcome. 

 Chemical equations seem to be beneath his notice ; in 

 I p articular, the equation representing the reaction 

 ^ftetween ferrous sulphate and silver nitrate (p. 140) 

 ^^ontains so many errors that one cannot fail to notice 

 ;g.. th em. 



^^fcThe photographic methods used in astronomical 



^photography are described by C. R. Davidson, and 



Dr. ^loss gives a valuable selection of examples of the 



application of photography to physical investigations. 



^^^ Photomicrography " is covered in two chapters, 



^Hi H. G. -Monypenny dealing with its application in 



^^fcetalluruical and engineering research, whilst Dr. 



BBBtodman. in a more popular manner, describes its 



application in histology, bacteriology, and pathology. 



There is necessarily some duplication in these chapters, 



and, as is not to be wondered at, differences of opinion. 



Similar remarks as to overlapping hold with respect to 



the chapters on " Photographic Surveying," by Col. 



Winterbotham, and on " Aeronautical Photography," 



by Maj( ^r Laws. The differences in view-point obtained 



are, liowever, all the more instructive. 



Mr. Wastell describes the various colour processes, 

 from that of Lippmann to the latest form of kinemato- 

 graphy in colour ; and Mr. Hislop deals with the applica- 

 tion of photography to various printing processes in 

 monochrome and in colour. The last two chapters deal 

 with the "Technics of Kinematography " and "The 

 Caimra as Witness and Detective." 



TIh liiiok i> a valuable one, and should be of interest 

 ndt (inl\ to -pccialists in photography, but also to the 

 piil.li- in _rnrral. T. S. P. 



Our Bookshelf. 



T]ie II. ill ^h J'li'',i:',,r,'iiiral Codex, ig^j : an Imperial 

 /)/ se of Medical Practitioners and 



I'li-i, • ■.' .1 . M^ !ird by direction of the Council 



(ii till- Pli.iriiiai i-iup :,1 >Mri,iy nf Gfcat Britain.) 

 New ami n \ im (I ((111 loll. [-"p. xx -f 1669. (London: 

 The l'harnia( cut i( al I'rcs, 1923.) 305. net. 



;!i(al ('ii(l(\ \\a> iiiinpilcd li\' 

 wiirkiii- niulcr the (jirci'tiitn 

 ncil ol t i ii al Sdcictw itud v> 



li..- .. '" -iIImk' : . I ■ - Mid ph\>i' i '" 



read\ 'i)tamiiiL' li\ inhe 



concci.,.,. -' ''■ ■ ,,M MM |..,i-ati(i!i~; in lm n-- n 



use throu lauinrc. li ha. Iniiillid 



its j)urp()M .Mil. w nr; ■ \ pe^ liowevcr, (|ui(l<l\ 



l(iM' th(ar \ahie. aiid. n^ nding the puhliratiim 



" ' >i:nl i')-3. a nev 



( ■ : he I (Mok luMIN 1)11 



e\Kleiiic (*i thi.naiuh .uid carehi! icvi-ion. .nui li \- 



now well abreast ol phaniia( ci't !■ ^t :;mi! r;>'.l!'.il 



prai ti(c Aiiidiil; the new iiiDn 



attention i^ that on arrifla\ine. 



tion and ])|-c|)arat ion ol llii, inipurtanl anll^(j■ 



ex|)Iained, and a hill pa-c i. dc\(jlcd Loan ('\j. ,;,,,.i 



of its advantages in medical and surgical treatment, 

 the form in which it is best prescribed, and the 

 s\-nonymy of its derivatives, euflavine, homoflavine, 

 and proflavine. Chloramine-T and the chlorinated 

 antiseptics, eusol, Dakin's solution, and Daufresne's 

 solution, are similarly discussed. The thoroughness 

 evident in these monographs characterises the whole 

 work, and it is just this that makes the Codex so 

 valuable and trustworthy. Under the heading " Cura- 

 tiones " a general description of surgical dressings 

 and the methods by which they may be tested is 

 given ; it is curious to note that the lint of the Codex 

 is composed entirely of cotton, whereas the presence 

 of cotton was formerly considered objectionable on 

 account of its supposed irritating nature. Insulin, 

 thyroxin, and other drugs of very recent origin find a 

 place in the work. The list of test solutions and 

 microscopical stains is a very restricted one, and 

 scarcely justifies its title. The whole work is remark- 

 ably free from errors, and the committee entrusted 

 with its preparation may be congratulated on the 

 success of their efforts. It is to be hoped that the 

 Council will not, from motives of economy, unduly 

 delay the appearance of a new edition, so that the book 

 may always be kept well up-to-date. 



Vom Gleitfiiig zuin Segelflug : Fliigstudien aiif Grimd 



zahlreicher Versuche und Messungen. Von Gustav 



Lilienthal. (Volckmanns Bibliothek fiir Flugwesen, 



Band 15.) Pp. 159. (Berlin - Charlottenburg : 



C. J. E. Volckmann Nachf. G.m.b.H., 1923.) 2.50 



marks. 



" EiNE Kritik meiner Arbeiten nur vom griinen Tisch 



aus, ohne meine Experimente und Messungen nach- 



zupriifen, lehne ich von vornherein ab." This is the 



beginning of the last paragraph in the l)ook by Herr 



Gustav Lilienthal, the brother and collaborator of the 



famous Otto Lihmthal. He is led to take up this 



uncompromisiiiL: aiiilude because, he claims, the results 



of his lenuthx and laborious measurements have already 



been criticised in a manner sntxgcsting that they have 



not been properly examined and understood. 



Herr Lilienthal discusses the old problem of soaring 

 or saiHng flight. He maintains that the present form 

 of aeroplane is due to the misdirection of effort 

 caused by the War, when aeroplanes were required 

 at once and in as lar^e numbers as possible, with the 

 resuh that the t\iic then known became standardised 

 tor all purposes and all natioiiN. The author's view is 

 ih:ii the iiKidcrn aeroplaiu', in which the wings do the 

 lie an enL'ine is used for propelliiiLi. is 

 u, ,nM,.M,M,i ,i| the hecLle rather than of the bird, 

 lie hopes that the effect of the re\i\al ol -lidinu will 

 lie to eau^e the aeroplane lo a[)[)ro\iinate more to 

 the bird torni. with the wings supplying the propulsion 

 a-, well as the Mistenlat ion. 



MeanwliiU', Herr Lilienthal di.seu.ssi> how the sailing 

 flight of certain birds is possible, lie claims to ha\e 

 established experiinentalK' that the wind supplies the 

 work re'piired for ;,iilim.: IliLiht, b\- means oi its pro- 

 jHi'.. ,.; inakiiuj budies suspended in it turn through 

 upward.. i''urth(a\ the eambi'r in a bird's 

 ... I . 'duees an e(l(l\ lielow the wiuL;. with the result 

 that the work supplied b\ the will- is used fot both 

 sustenlalion and pro[)ulsion. it is diflicult to see why 



NO. 2S24, VOL. I 12] 



