326 Roosevelt JJ'ild Life .hinals 



AcANTHOCKrUALA 



Eehinorhynchus sp., Cole, '05, p. 579; E. tliceatus Linton, \'an Cleave, '19, 

 pp. 232, 236; Pouiphorhynchiis bulbocolli Linkins, I.e., p. 218. 



Essex and Hunter ('26, p. 164) found these worms on two or three fish 

 examined from the Mississippi. 



Nematode Wokms 

 Cuuiallanus aiieylodlnis Ward and Magath, Ward and oMagath. '16, p. 58; 

 al.so Ward and Whipple, "18, p. 529. Spinitcctus sp. : Pratt ('23, pp. 61, 65) exam- 

 ined three Carp from Oneida Lake and found four nematodes of this genus. 



Leeches 

 Cole ('05, p. 579) found a Carp in Lake Erie, with a leech attached to it, and 

 Pearse ('24, p. 181) notes Plaeobdella montifera ]\Ioore, attacking the .species. 



COPEPODS 



Lernaca esociiia (Burmeister), Wilson, 'i~, p. 195; /-. eypriiiaeea Linnaeus, 

 Wilson, '17, p. 196. 



jMollusca 



Carp appear to be less susceptible than other fishes used in experiments to 

 induce mussel infestations (Lefevre and Curtis, '12, p. 162). With glochidia of 

 Laiiipsiliis, artificial infestations seemed impossible with the Carp while successful 

 with other species (I.e., p. 163). Success was, however, attained by using glo- 

 chidia of Anodonta, of which 200-500 became established on the Carp fins in 

 30-40 minutes of exposure. 



Economic Importance. The Carp afl'ects our welfare in a number of ways, 

 bin ])rincipally as a food fish. Its introduction into American waters, as noted 

 above, was due to its value for the table and the ease with which it may be raised ; 

 but the prejudice that developed against it in many localities has resulted in a 

 lack of attention given to it, so that it has escaped into many of our natural waters 

 in which it has become very alnindant and now freciuently is considered merely a 

 nuisance. 



The Carp is still of great commercial value on account of its utilization in 

 certain localities, including New York City (Koelz, '26, p. 598). Dr. Hugh j\L 

 Smith wrote ('10, p. 1405) : "It is regularly exposed for sale in every large city 

 and innumerable small towns, it supports special fisheries in fifteen states, and it 

 is regularly taken for market in thirty-five states. The sales at this time amount 

 to fully 20,000,000 pounds annually, for which the fishermen receive $500,000." 

 ( )n account of its being such an important market fish commercial Carp 

 fisheries exist even in regions remote from New York City. For example, the 

 Illinois River, accorcjing to Forbes and Richardson ('09, p. 106), produced six to 

 eight million Carp a year, valued at $200,000, and the.se fish were sent principally 

 to New York City. Regarding the Illinois River Carp fisheries and others, Dr. 

 Smith writes in the News Bulletin (Doc. 725, Bur. Fisheries) as follows: "The 

 principal Carp fishery is in Illinois, where fishermen have for years been reaping a 

 golden harvest, finding a ready sale in the West and also sending large consign- 



