334 Roosevelt Wild Life AnimJs 



('13, p. 22) rates this species as second from the source in intermittent streams, 

 surpassed only by the Chub, Scmotihis alrouiacidatus. He also states that the 

 Dace "go against the current, but avoid the places where it is most violent . . . 

 and can withstand the stagnant conditions of the summer pools." Fowler ('98, 

 ]). 152) says: "They are seldom found in the creeks or wider streams in such 

 aljundance as in the small brooks of clear water, particularly if rapid. They also 

 like the quiet little pools or deeper places. Here they may often be seen swimming 

 persistently against the current, sometimes gaining a few inches or again slipping 

 back perhaps further, and then darting suddenly away when disturbed, only to be 

 seen, however, back again repeating the same performance over and over." Greeley 

 ('27, p. 60) says of this species in the Genesee system that it is abundant in small 

 streams, in both warm and cold waters, that it avoids large streams and is nearly 

 always present in trout streams. 



Food. Kendall and Goldsborough ("08. p. 34) state that this dace feeds 

 upon "small aquatic animals and inse<.ts. Young individuals from 1.20 to 1.66 

 inches long were found to be feeding upon diatoms, Entomostraca, small aquatic 

 worms, and fragments of insects." 



Breder and Crawford {'22, pp. 304, 305 ) studied the food of 191 Black-nosed 

 Dace taken at different times during the year. Insect material composed 57% 

 of the food; this included larvae of various aquatic insects, caterpillars, and some 

 adult Coleoptera, Diptera, and Hymenoptera. Filamentous algae composed 24% 

 of the food ; the rest of it was largely undeterminable. Greeley ('27, p. 60) reports 

 on the food of six specimens collected in the Genesee River system of New York 

 State in summer. Midge larvae constituted 70.8% of the food ; May-fly nymphs, 

 16.65^;. The rest of the food consisted of crustaceans, water mites, diatoms and 

 other vegetable material. 



Distribution Records. None of our specimens came from the lake proper: 

 all came from small tributary streams, but in situations close to the lake. Xo. 142 

 came from Frederick Creek, between the railway track and the State hatchery : 

 one adult ( Xo. 447), from a small stream entering the west side of east Potter 

 Bav; 2 specimens about 2^ inches long (No. 553), from a small swift, rocky 

 stream entering the lake at West Vienna; 10 specimens, the smallest two about 

 534 inches long (No. 458), from a small stream entering the west side of east 

 Potter Bay; 13 specimens, averaging about ij^ inches (No. 593). from a small 

 rapid stream at North Bay; 10 specimens (No. 594), including a single fish about 

 i/2-inch long from a pool in a .small stream 1I/2 miles east of West A'ienna. The 

 remains of two were found in the stomach of a Chain Pickerel. 



Enemies and Disease. In trout streams this dace is ])robal)l\- prexed ujjon 

 l)v tlie trnut, Kendall and ( Hil.l^bnr.uiKh ( nS, p. 3J) remark thai in norlbcni 

 New IIam|)shirc tliis fisli 

 it is frequently distended 

 Fig. 227) figures a speci 

 Gentry ('77. Vol. 2, p. 

 fisher, Ccrylc alcyon. 



Economic Relations 

 of its value as food for 

 service in devnuring mn< 



