456 Roosevelt Wild Life Annals 



The angler's equipment for successful Wall-eyed Pike fishing is diverse. 

 Goode ('03, p. 19) recommends for fly fishing a 5-g ounce rod, a four foot leader 

 and a bass Qy. For still fishing he suggests a twelve-foot bamboo rod with line 

 and reel and a Xo. 3-0 sproat hook. 



In ( )neida Lake as well as in other localities winter fishing for I'ike Perch 

 is attended with considerable sport, using tip-ups. Goode ('03, p. 20) describes 

 such fishing in Lake Pepin, Wisconsin. Live minnows were used as bait, and 

 holes were made in the ice, from 10 to 31 rods apart. Leach ('27, p. 4) writes of 

 ice fishing in the Great Lakes, alrea<l\- mentioned in this discussinn. He says 

 that small miimows are generally used as bait and that the fish are caught near 

 the bottom. 



References. Adams and Hankinson. '16; Adamstone. '22; Haker, '16, '18; 

 Bean, '02, '07, '12, '13; Bensley. '15; Cheney, "97: Clemens and others, '23, '24; 

 Cole, '05; Dymond, '26, '27; Evermann and Clark. "20: Evermann and Latimer, 

 '10; Forbes, '78, '80, '88; Goode, '03; Greeley, 27: Hankinson, '08. '10; Henshall, 

 '03; Jordan and Evermann, '02; Kendall, '24; Kntlz. '26; Leach. ' 2y \ Macdonald, 

 '24, '27: .M.mter, 'jfi : Nash, '08; Pearse. 'iS. '21, '2:^. '2^: Pratt, '2^; Reighard, 

 '90; Rhead, '07; Shrader and Shrader. '22: Snnth, 'yj, "07; Surlier, '20; Stafford, 

 '04; Stranahan, '00; \A'ard, '11. '12: Ward and Whi])ple. '18: \N'ilsiin, '04; Yorke 

 and Maplestone, '27. 



Hadropterus maculatus ((iirard). P.lack-sided Dartkr. Black-sided 

 Darters appear scarce in the regiim under consideration, since only five specimens 

 were caught. The species is readily distinguished from other darters in Oneida 

 Lake by the series of 7 or 8 large indistinct roundish dark blotches on its sides, 

 and by the ventral median row of enlarged scales, which may be replaced by a 

 naked strip caused by a loss of the scales. The fish grows to a length of 4 inches. 



Habitat. One of our five specimens (No. 87) was from a small, short 

 tributary of Chittenango Creek, where the bottom was muddy, with much aquatic 

 vegetation; the other four (Nos. 456, 522) were from rocky or gravelly bottom 

 of the shallows of the lake. Bean ('03, p. 508) says: "It prefers clear streams 

 with gravelly bottom and is more active in its habits than most of the other darters, 

 not concealing itself so closely under stones." Shelford ('13. p. 95) lists it with 

 other darters that live among stones, and says that they are all ])ositively rhcotactic 

 and apparently lie parallel with the current. 



Forbes and Richardson ('09, p. 2'f<(^) fnund it about etpially abundant in 

 smaller rivers and in creeks, but rarely occurring in the larger rivers or in bottom- 

 land lakes and ponds. Hankinson ( '13. y. \\\) found it about Charleston, Illinois, 

 in rivers and large creeks, but scarce in small creeks. Osborn ('01, p. 91) finds 

 it in clear streams on gravelly bottoms, in Ohio. Jordan and Evermann ('96, p. 

 1033) say that the species is abundant in clear, gravelly streams, hut is not 

 abundant in small brooks. 



I'ood. Little published informalinn on the 1(hh1 (,1 this darter i> olitain;il)le. 

 Forbes and Richardson ('09, \). 287 j consider its food to be miscellaneous aquatic 

 insects. Turner ('21, p. 54) mentions that in eleven Ohio specimens, may-fly 

 nvrnjihs, chironomid larvae, Corl.va nymphs, copepods. fish remains and silt were 

 found in the entcrons. Greeley ('JJ. ]). <'4 } fmnid six midge larvae {Chironoinidae) 



