Indtistrial Research 



101 



ber of companies, the cooperation of whitli is hereby 

 acknowledged. 



American Cyanamid Company 



Physical laboratory. — "A spectroscopic study of atomic 

 arrangement and structure of organic compoimds in 

 tlie spectral range between 2,200-A and 120,000-A. 

 New instruments and tecluiique have been developed 

 and a catalog of the spectral bands of molecular group- 

 ings is being compiled. Some very valuable applica- 

 tions, particularlj- m the analyses of imknown organic 

 mixtures, have resulted." 



Chemical laboratory.— "A comprehensive study of or- 

 ganic nitrogen compounds, particularly derivatives of 

 cyanamid. This has resulted in the production of 

 many new products, several of which are now commer- 

 cially available in the class of organic bases, resin form- 

 ing compomids and intermediates for pharmaceutical 

 and dye production. Much new physical and chemical 

 data relating to the properties of these complex com- 

 poimds have been registered." 



Biological laboratory. — "Organized research on the 

 nature and behavior of globulin proteins leading to a 

 better understanding of the complex constitution of 

 serums. We are now able to produce certain antitoxins 

 and toxoids free from certain side reactions when 



introduced into the human system, and with better 

 understanding of the principles involved, the application 

 is being extended rapidly to a wider range of tliose 

 biologicals." 



Bell Telephone Laboratories 



Electron dijfraction. — "Up until 1927, electrons were 

 thought to be discrete particles; their mass and charge 

 had been determined, and their behavior under all the 

 more usual circumstances was known. Studies in Bell 

 Telephone Laboratories, however, showed that elec- 

 trons also have the character of waves. This was 

 proved by projecting a stream of electrons against a 

 nickel crystal. Instead of penetrating or being blocked 

 by the nickel crystal, the electrons arc diffracted, and 

 leave the crystals at various angles from the line of the 

 beam, much as a beam of light is diffracted when it 

 falls on a fine mesh screen. This result was in conform- 

 ity with certain theories developed shortly before, and 

 has been one of the important factors in creating the 

 'new' physics that has come into prominence in recent 

 years. Since this original work, the diffraction of 

 electrons has proved a useful tool in studying the 

 nature of material surfaces." 



Electron emission. — ^"Studies have been carried on 

 over a number of years to determine the fundamental 



Figure 18. — High-Speed Motion Pictures of the Human Vocal Cords, Bell Telephone Laboratories, New York, N'ew York 



