SECTION III 

 EXAMPLES OF RESEARCH IN INDUSTRY 



Contents 



Page 



1. Research in Aeronautics 129 



General Discussion 129 

 Historical 129 

 International Competition in Research 130 

 Government Influence on Research 131 

 Research of the National Advisory Com- 

 mittee for Aeronautics 134 

 The Institute of the Aeronautical Sci- 

 ences 136 

 Society of Automotive Engineers 136 

 The Daniel Guggenheim Fund for the 



Advancement of Aeronautics 136 



University Laboratories 137 



Independent Workers 137 



Conclusion 137 



Progress from Improvements 137 



Research Results Leading to Improvements 139 



General Aerodynamics 139 



Airplane Design 141 



Engines 141 



Propellers 142 



Materials 142 



Accessories 142 



Military and Naval Research 142 



Bibliography 143 



2. Research in the Petroleum Industry 144 



Introduction 144 



Technical Problems Involved 145 



Production 146 



Motor Fuels by Cracking 147 



Synthetic Fuels 149 



Lubricants 150 



Addition Agents 150 



Corollary Effects of Petroleum Research 151 

 New Discoveries and Conservation of Crude 



Supplies 151 



Effect on Automotive Developments 151 



Other Industries Affected 152 



General Effects on the Public Economy 153 



Effect on Employment 154 



Page 

 Research Methods and Policies 155 



How and Where the Research is Done 155 



Relation to the Universities 156 



A System of Free Competition 156 



Research in the Iron and Steel Industry 157 



The Role of the American Iron and Steel Industry 



in the Development of Research 157 



Contributions of England in the Nineteenth 



Century 158 



Contributions of the United States in the 



Nineteenth Century 158 



Contributions of Other Countries in the 



Nineteenth Century 159 



World Research in the Iron and Steel Indus- 

 try, 1900 to 1930 159 



Comparison of Research in the World, 1900 



to 1930 160 



Outstanding Developments in the World 



Iron and Steel Industry, 1900 to 1930 161 

 Present Status of Research in the Iron and Steel 



Industry 1 62 



Purpose of Research in the American Iron and 



Steel Industry 162 



Organization of Research in the Steel Industry 163 



Cost of Research 164 



Research Personnel 164 



Metallurgical Education 164 



Cooperative Metallurgical Research in the 

 Iron and Steel Industry of Germany and 

 England 166 



Cooperative Metallurgical Research in the 

 Iron and Steel Industry of the United 

 States 166 



Contributions of the Manufacturers of Alloy- 

 ing Metals to Research in the Iron and 

 Steel Industry 167 



Research for New Markets by the Manufac- 

 turers of Alloying Metals 168 



Economic Significance of Research in the 



American Iron and Steel Industry 168 



127 



