146 



SENSE OF TASTE. 



Vertical Section of one of the Gustatory Papillae of the largest 

 class, showing: its conical form, its sides, and the fissure 

 between the different Papillae. 



The length of some of the divided blood-vessels, a tranvserse 

 section of others, and the vessels which rise up from the surface 

 like loops or meshes, are also shown. 



Fig. 56. 



The Hypoglossal ; Lingual branch of fifth pair ; Glosso-Pha- 

 ryngeal and deep-seated Nerves of the Neck. 



1. The hypoglossal nerve. 2. Branches communicating with the 



fustatory nerve. 3. A branch to the origin of the hyoid muscles. 

 . The descendens noni nerve. 5. The loop formed with the branch 

 from the cervical nerves. 6. Muscular branches to the depressor 

 muscles of the larynx. 7. A filament from the second cervical 

 nerve, and 8, a filament from the third cervical, uniting to form the 

 communicating branch with the loop from the descendens noni. 

 9. The auricular nerve. 10. The inferior dental nerve. 11. Its 

 mylo-hyoidean branch. 12. The gustatory nerve. 13. Thechorda- 

 tympani passing to the gustatory nerve. 14. The chorda-tympani 

 leaving the gustatory nerve to join the sub-maxillary ganglion. 

 15. The sub-maxillary ganglion. 16. Filaments of communication 

 -with the lingual nerve. 17. The glosso-pharyngeal nerve. 18. 

 The pneumogastric or par vagum nerve. 19. The three upper cer- 

 vical nerves. 20. The four inferior cervical nerves. 21. The first 

 dorsal nerve. 22, 23. The brachial plexus. 24, 25. The phrenic 

 nerve. 26. The carotid artery. 27. The internal jugular vein. 



monly called the gus- 

 tatory nerve; the whole 

 of the ninth pair or 

 hypoglossal; and the 

 glosso-pharyngeal. To 

 which of these must be 

 assigned the function 

 of gustation, we shall 

 inquire presently. 



Like the skin and 

 mucous membranes in 

 general, that of the 

 tongue and mouth con- 

 tains, in its substance, 

 numerous mucous fol- 

 licles, which secrete a 

 fluid that lubricates the 

 organ, and keeps it in a 

 condition adapted for 

 the accomplishment of 

 its functions. Some of 

 these are placed very 

 conspicuously in the 

 mucous membrane of 

 the tongue. They are 

 the papillse capitatse of 

 some anatomists er- 

 roneously named, as 

 they are not formed 

 like papillae, and exe- 

 cute a very different 

 office. They are mu- 

 cous follicles, and 

 ought to be so called. 

 The fluids, exhaled 

 from the mucous mem- 

 brane of the mouth, 

 and the secretion of 

 the different salivary 

 glands, likewise aid in 

 gustation ; but they are 

 more concerned in mas- 

 tication and insaliva- 

 tion, and will require 

 notice under another 

 head. 



