DIGESTIVE ORGANS STOMACH. 



521 



ance, having a number of irregular folds, situate especially along the 

 inferior and superior margins of the organ. These folds are evident, 

 also, at the splenic extremity; and are more numerous and marked, the 

 more the stomach is contracted. They are radiated towards the car- 

 di ac? longitudinal towards the pyloric, orifice. This membrane, like 

 every other of the kind, exhales an albuminous fluid from a multitude 



Fig. 219. 



Fig. 220. 



Vertical and Longitudinal Section of Stomach and 

 Duodenum. 



1. (Esophagus; upon its internal surface, the plicated 

 arrangement of cuticular epithelium shown. 2. Cardiac 

 orifice of stomach, around which the fringed border of 

 cuticular epithelium is seen. 3. Great end of stomach. 

 4. Its lesser or pyloric end. 5. Lesser curve. G. Greater 

 curve. 7. Dilatation at lesser end of stomach which re- 

 ceived from Willis the name of antrum of pylorus. This 

 may be regarded as the rudiment of a second stomach. 

 3. Rugae of the stomach formed by mucous membrane : 

 their longitudinal direction is shown. 9. Pylorus. 10. 

 Oblique portion of duodenum, 11. Descending portion. 

 12. Pancreatic duct, and ductus cornmunis choledochus, 

 close to their termination. 13. Papilla upon which ducts 

 open. 14. Transverse portion of duodenum. 15. Com- 

 mencement of jejunum. In interior of duodenum and 

 jejunum, the valvulse conniventes are seen. (Wilson.) 



Section of a piece of Stomach not far 

 from Pylorus. 



1. Magnified about three diameters. 2. 

 A few of the glands with their racemiform 

 ends distended with fluid, magnified about 

 20 diameters. (Wagner.) 



of delicate villi, which are as perceptible in the stomach as in any part 

 of the digestive tube. It contains, likewise, many follicles, which are 

 especially abundant in the pyloric portion. (Fig. 220.) Several, also, 

 exist in the vicinity of the cardiac orifice, but in the rest of the mem- 

 brane they are few in number. When examined with a magnifying 

 glass, the internal or free surface presents a peculiar honeycomb ap- 

 pearance, produced by shallow polygonal depressions or cells as repre- 

 sented in the marginal figure. (Fig. 223.) The diameter of these cells 

 varies from 2 Joth to 3^o ta f an inch; but, near the pylorus, it is as 

 much as T Jo ta f an inch. In the bottom of the cells, minute openings 

 are visible, which are the orifices of perpendicular glands embedded, 

 side by side, in bundles in the substance of the mucous membrane, and 

 composing nearly the whole structure. 1 These tubular follicles vary in 



1 Dr. Sprott Boyd, Edinb. Med. and Surg. Journal, vol. xlvi. 



