OF DRINKS. 



663 



1. ANATOMY OF THE LYMPHATIC APPARATUS. 



The lymphatic apparatus consists of lymphatic vessels, lymphatic 

 glands or ganglia, and thoracic duct. The latter, however, does not 

 form the medium of communication between all the lymphatic vessels 

 and the venous system. 



1. Lymphatic vessels. These vessels exist in almost all parts of the 

 body ; and have the shape of cylindrical, transparent, membranous 

 tubes, of small size, anastomosing freely with each other, so as to 

 present, everywhere, a reticular arrangement. They are never, accord- 

 ing to Professor Muller, so small as the arterial and venous capillaries, 

 and are, almost without exception, visible to the naked eye. Gr. R. 

 Treviranus asserts, that their walls, like the areolar membrane and 

 other tissues, are made up of minute elementary cylinders, of a diame- 

 ter of from 0-001 to 



0-006 millimetres, Fig- 256 - 



placed in a series, 

 side by side and end 

 to end, so as to con- 

 stitute tubes which 

 form networks, and 

 open into larger lym- 

 phatic trunks. They 

 are extremely nu- 

 merous; more so, 

 however, in some 

 parts than others. 

 They have not been 

 found in the brain, 

 spinal marrow, eye, 

 or internal ear, 

 bones, cartilages, or 

 any non-vascular 

 parts ; but this is not 

 a positive proof, that 

 they do not exist in 

 some of them. It 

 may be, that they are 

 so minute as to es- 

 cape observation. In 

 their progress to- 

 wards the venous 

 system, they go on 

 forming fewer and 



Vessels and Lymphatic Glands of Axilla. 



1. The axillary artery. 2. Axillary vein. 3. Brachial artery. 4. 

 tewer trunks! yet Brachial vein. 5. Primitive carotid artery. 6. Internal jugular vein. 

 1 -i-i 7. Subcutaneous lymphatics of arm at its upper part. 8. Two or three 



always remain Small. O f the most inferior and superficial glands into which the superficial 

 TV)i<; nnifnrmitv in lymphatics empty. 9. Deep-seated lymphatics which accompany bra- 

 111- j in chial artery. 10. Lymphatics and glands which accompany infra-scapu- 



s 



to lar bloodvessels. 11. Glands and lymphatics accompanying thoracica 

 lri lon S a artery. 12. Deeper-seated lymphatics. 13. Axillary chain of 



When an ar- glands. 14. Acromial branches of lymphatics. 15. Jugular lymphatics 

 and glands. 16, 17. Lymphatics which empty into subclavian vein near 

 a its junction with right internal jugular vein. 



