THE STYLE OK HENRY II. 127 



aristocracy, Pierre I.escot, who bore the title of Sieur de Clagny and 

 Abbe de Clermont, received the usual education of a gentleman. He 

 showed special aptitude for painting and geometry, and after the age 

 of twenty devoted himself to the study of architecture and mathematics. 

 The rood screen in the church of St Germain 1'Auxerrois in Paris 

 (erected 1541-5, destroyed 1745), was carried out under his supervision. 

 Jean Goujon, who worked upon it in 1544-5, was responsible only for 

 a portion of the sculpture. The Hotel de Ligneris (later known 

 as "Hotel d'Argouge," "de Sevigne," and " Carnavalet I: ), begun in 

 1544 and interrupted in 1546, is reputedly the joint work of the two 

 men. This mansion, one of the most perfect town houses of the 

 period, was in the original design far from having its present aspect. 

 (See plan and elevation as altered later, Figs. 266 and 267.) It pro- 

 bably consisted at first of a single block, on the west side of a court 

 surrounded by arcaded loggias, with nothing above them on at least 

 two sides, and interrupted only by a rusticated entrance pavilion at the 

 east end. The entry, terminating towards the court in a triumphal 

 arch, was decorated with sculpture, as also were the key-blocks in the 

 arcades. The house front was flanked by projecting stair pavilions, 

 and adorned with reliefs of the four seasons. Behind the house, on the 

 site of the present inner court, was the garden. 



PHILIBERT DE L'ORME. Philibert de 1'Orme, son of a builder at 

 Lyons, was trained in his father's trade, and throughout life showed 

 marked competence in all matters of construction. Lyons, from its 

 position, was in constant intercourse with Italy, a resort of Italian 

 refugees, and a centre of Humanistic culture. It is, therefore, natural 

 that Philibert should have wished to complete his education by an 

 Italian tour. While measuring ancient monuments in Rome in 1533, 

 he attracted the attention of Marcello Cervino, afterwards Pope 

 Marcellus II., who introduced him to Pope Paul III. He was em- 

 ployed by the latter on some works at "St Martin dello Bosco a la 

 Callabre" (sit), but in 1536 returned to Lyons, where he carried out 

 alterations to a house 8 Rue de la Juiverie consisting of a pair of 

 turrets in the angles of the court, carried on trotnpes, and connected 

 by a gallery on corbels. Shortly afterwards he removed to Paris, where 

 he built a small hotel in the Cite, and received an appointment under 

 the crown as surveyor of coast defences and military and naval stores 

 in Normandy and Brittany. Then came a commission from Cardinal 

 du Bellay, on whose advice he had returned to France, to design his 

 chateau of St Maur-les-Fosses. Here de 1'Orme not only exhibited his 

 practical resourcefulness in overcoming difficulties of foundation, but a 

 knowledge of advanced Renaissance principles unusual at the time, 

 though it is questionable whether his own boast, that this was the first 

 house built in France to show how the proportions of architecture 



