ao8. CHATEAU OF ROUGEMONT. 



CHAPTER IV. 



STYLES OF HENRY IV. AND LOUIS XIII. 



(1590-1660). 



KINGS. 



HENRY IV. (1589-1610). Initial H. 

 Emblem Hand of Justice with 

 sword. Motto "Duoprvtegii units." 



Louis XIII. (1610-43). Initial L. 

 Emblem Two Figures of Hercules, 

 or Club. Motto -" Erit hoc qtioque 

 cognita monstris." 



Louis XIV. (1643-1715). 



QUEENS. 



MARGARET OK VALOIS. Initial M. 

 Emblem Pentacle. Motto "Sa/us." 



MARIA DE' MEDICI. Initial M., or 

 monogram f*J- Emblem (as Regent) 

 Crowned Eagle. Motto " Tegit 

 virtute minores. " 



ANNE OF AUSTRIA. Initial A. Em- 

 blem (in widowhood) Pelican. 



CONTEMPORARY ENGLISH SOVEREIGNS. 



ELIZABETH (1603), JAMES I. (1603-25), CHARLES I. (1625-49), 



Commonwealth (1649-60). 



HISTORICAL SKETCH. 



CHARACTER OF THE SEVENTEENTH CENTURY. The succession of 

 the Bourbon dynasty to the throne was a turning point in French 

 history. In the reaction from the anarchy produced by the excessive 

 individualism of the sixteenth century there grew up in the seventeenth 

 the conception of the rights of society as a whole as represented by the 

 State, and the State in France took the form of an ever more centralised 

 and absolute monarchy, absorbing and controlling more and more all 

 the energies of national life. The process, initiated in a conciliatory 



